开口式变截面管桩土塞效应与单桩承载性能研究..docxVIP

摘要工程预制管桩是一种技术可靠，施工简单，造价低廉的预制桩型，工程中被广泛应用。国内环保意识抬头，生活质量之提升，对于桩基础之施工，皆须考虑噪音、震动、污染之影响。全套管管桩施工具有低噪音、低振动与低污染等特性，常用于各类工程桩基础之施作。以一般桥梁基础工程动辄需进行上百根管桩之施作，而相同的施作循环便不断重复的进行。因此，若能以系统化方法针对管桩施作流程之步骤顺序，以及各施作项目所使用多种人员、机具与材料之配置进行妥善规划安排，对提升整体作业产能与施工质量将有莫大助益。首先，本文通过查阅管桩文献资料得到的最新研究成果和资料，提出研究本课题所用的方法及研究内容。其次，对等截面管桩和变截面管桩进行室内模型沉桩对比试验，得到其桩入土深度和沉桩贯入阻力的关系，土塞高度随桩入土深度的变化，总结变截面管桩和等截面管桩的不同点。再次，采用基于Vesic理论和圆孔扩张理论来分析变截面管桩沉桩效应问题，并得到了变截面管桩沉桩端阻力和的沉桩贯入阻力理论推导计算公式，再加上土芯与管桩内壁的侧摩阻力的计算方法，并用试验数据与推导公式计算值对比分析,验证推导计算公式的正确性,从而完善了变截面管桩的设计理论。最后，基于室内大比例模型试验，对比研究了两类管桩在竖向荷载作用下承载性能，包括：桩身应力、荷载-沉降、端阻力和桩侧摩阻力的差异。研究结果表明：在桩身平均直径相同的情况下，阶梯型变截面管桩的承载力比等截面管桩大，且平均直径越大、变径比越高，单桩承载力、单位体积承载力和桩身材料的利用率越高；阶梯型管桩在变截面处出现桩身轴力突变，并使下部管节桩身轴力衰减速度加快。关键字：预制混凝土管桩，沉桩挤土效应，土塞高度，贯入阻力，承载性能AbstractConstruction of precast pile is a reliable technique, simple construction, low cost of the type of precast concrete pile is widely used in engineering. The rise of the domestic environmental protection consciousness, improve the quality of life, for the construction of pile foundation, must consider the impact of noise, vibration and pollution. With low noise, low vibration and low pollution characteristics of Benoto pile construction, commonly used in all kinds of pile foundation engineering construction. In general the bridge foundation engineering need hundreds of hundreds of root pile construction, and the same as they repeat the cycle. Therefore, if a systematic method for pile foundation construction process steps, as well as the construction projects using equipment and materials, a variety of personnel allocation plan properly, there will be a great help to enhance the overall operational capacity and quality of construction.First of all, the latest research results and data, through access to literature from pile, put forward the content of research methods used in this paper and the research.Secondly, the equal cross section pile and tapered pile pile indoor model tests, the pile depth and pile penetration resistance, soil height changes with the dep