思科网络技术-IP设置实验五..doc

LAB 5 IP Addressing PART 1 IP Addressing Basics Objective ? Name the five different classes of IP addresses ? Describe the characteristics and use of the different IP address classes ? Identify the class of an IP address based on the network number ? Determine which part, or octet, of an IP address is the network ID and which part is the host ID ? Identify valid and invalid IP host addresses based on the rules of IP addressing ? Define the range of addresses and default subnet mask for each class Background / Preparation This lab exercise helps develop an understanding of IP addresses and how TCP/IP networks operate. It is primarily a written lab exercise. However, it would be worthwhile to review some real network IP addresses using the command line utilities ipconfig for Windows NT/2000/XP or winipcfg for Windows 9x/ME. IP addresses are used to uniquely identify individual TCP/IP networks and hosts, such as computers and printers, on those networks in order for devices to communicate. Workstations and servers on a TCP/IP network are called hosts and each has a unique IP address. This address is referred to as its host address. TCP/IP is the most widely used protocol in the world. The Internet or World Wide Web only uses IP addressing. In order for a host to access the Internet, it must have an IP address. In its basic form, the IP address has two parts: ? A network address ? A host address The network portion of the IP address is assigned to a company or organization by the Internet Network Information Center (InterNIC). Routers use the IP address to move data packets between networks. IP addresses are 32 bits long according to the current version IPv4 and are divided into 4 octets of 8 bits each. They operate at the network layer (Layer 3) of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model, which is the Internet layer of the TCP/IP model. IP addresses are assigned in the following ways: ??Statically – manually, by a network administrator ??Dynamically – a