《新概念第一册语法练习3-4课.docxVIP

3—Sorry , sir 4—Is this your….?一、陈述句陈述事实或看法的句子成为陈述句。陈述句有课分为肯定句和否定句，分别陈述肯定和否定的看法或事实。二、否定句的构成1、在功能词be（am，is，are，were，was），have（has，had），do（does，did）shall（should）will（would）can（could）may（might）must，ought，need，dear等后面家否定词not（若谓语动词中原无功能词，则加特殊功能词do，does，did）如：I have not / haven’t said such foolish words before. He does not/ doesn’t mean to hurt your feeling.上述功能词可与否定词not构成缩写，其形式分别为:isn’t /aren’t /wasn’t /weren’t / haven’t / hasn’t / hadn’t / don’t/ doesn’t / didn’t / shan’t (shall not)/ shouldn’t / won’t / wouldn’t / can’t / couldn’t / mayn’t (少用)/ mightn’t / mustn’t / oughtn’t / needn’t/ daren’t 这些功能词有些也可以与主语缩写‘m / ‘s (is, has) / ‘re =are / ‘ve =have /’d=had, would / ‘ll –shall, will I’ve not said such foolish words before. 2、在句子中使用其他否定词 否定副词hardly, never, seldom, little, neither, nor, nowhere等 否定的不定代词 nobody, none, no one, nothing, neither, few, little, no We never expected you to be here at this time. There is nothing like a holiday to make one feel rested. 否定句和各种疑问句中通常要使用表示否定意义的非肯定词：any, anyone, anybody， anything, anywhere, either, ever, yet, any more, any longer, at all I don’t think there anything wrong with anybody else. She little thought that he would do any harm to her. 他好不认为他会做出任何伤害她的事 相应地肯定句中则要使用肯定词：some, someone, somebody, something, somewhere, as well, sometimes, already, still （注意肯定句与否定句中肯定词与非肯定词的转换） I think there’s something wrong with somebody else. I don’t’ think there’s anything wrong with anybody else. She did think that he would do some harm to her. She little think that he would do any harm to her. 三、not与no虽然这两个词意思相同，而且均为副词，但在用法上截然不同。1、not一般与助动词连用，否定谓语动词 We are not / aren’t coming. I can not / can’t come. You must not / mustn’t smoke. 2、no是一个否定回答，即表示拒绝、不同意与yes构成相反意义，no不能用来修饰谓语动词 “Is she clever?” “No, she’s stupid” “Will you post this letter for me?” “No, it’s too cold to go out.”比较She isn’t a teacher. (√)She is no a teacher. (×)Is it raining? No, it isn’t raining. (√)Is it raining? NO, it is no raining. (×)练习一、根据例句回答问题Is this your coat?