日本法科大学院构想与司法考试制度改革.docVIP

日本法科大学院构想与司法考试制度改革【内容提要】日本法学教育的基本目的不是为了直接培养法律职业人员，通过司法考试选拔法制精英的法律职业选拔模式与法学教育是脱节的。但是这种法学教育和法律职业选拔制度在新的条件下暴露出越来越明显的弊端.在社会变动、司法改革、教育改革的时代背景下，日本参照美国的(Law模式，提出了法科大学院构想，开始将法学教育与选拔、培养法律职业家有机地结合起来。可以预见这种变化将会对日本司法制度和法学教育制度产生重要影响，并在比较法文化上具有重要意义。 【摘要题】海外来风 【关键词】法学教育/司法考试/法科大学院构想 【正文】 　日本称法官、检察官、律师三种法律专门职业人员为“法曹”。欲成为法曹，首先要通过竞争率极高的司法考试，然后在司法研修所中经过一年半的司法研修，最终考试合格才能够最终担任法曹。在这种法曹培养制度下，法学教育与法曹选拔脱节，二者并无直接的联系。司法考试严格限制人数，一方面塑造了日本司法精英型的特征，保障了司法的公正性，另一方面也导致了日本司法人数不足，司法救济不够的弊端。20世纪90年代以来，随着日本国 As can be seen, bus number of deaths and injuries that occurred was rail transit (RRT) of 1.7 times, number of motor vehicle deaths and injuries is 1.9 times. United States traffic County economic work conference leadership speech:The main task of the twenty-six session of the six plenary meeting of the county the county economic work conference this time, by the partys eighteen and eighteen Third Plenary Session of the spirit as a guide, carry out and implement the central and provincial economic work conference on rural work conference and the three session of the seven plenary session of the party to expand the spirit of the meeting, the total summary of last year the work, analysis of the current situation, the deployment of this work, further strengthening the development of consensus, to mobilize the whole county county, deepening reform and innovation, to work against poverty, accelerate the transformation of leapfrog, promote scientific development, struggling to write a new harmonious beautiful mountains and show a prosperous civilization to build a new building. The following chapter * *, according to the county Discussion of the views of the Standing Committee, I focus on four aspects of the problem:* * * years, the county to seriously implement the central decision-making arrangements and real, in accordance with the high position, as a typical tree, catch catch up with speed for a breakthrough, five in one overall grasp to raise human resources to promote overall leap, firml