(基础阅读补充讲义一.docVIP

北京新航道学校 雅思阅读基础补充讲义 IELTS阅读词汇和构词法 IELTS阅读句型累积 编著 Dr. York 颜 请勿外传) 2. IELTS阅读词汇和构词法 2.1 不同词性的标志 后缀 (1) 名词的后缀：多表示抽象 -hood 身份 资格 状态等 childhood falsehood likelihood manhood -ship 情况 状况 性质等 entrepreneurship friendship leadership membership scholarship sponsorship viewership -dom 领域 状况 kingdom stardom -ry expiry rivalry -ture adventure feature lecture infrastructure procedure -ty ability activity adversity authority capacity continuity community diversity eligibility faculty priority property quality/quantity variety (2) 形容词的后缀 -able/-ible adaptable available considerable disposable payable remarkable susceptible tenable viable vulnerable -al artificial commercial cultural empirical environmental general mutual personal potential residential substantial tutorial -ary/-ory contradictory imaginary -ful fearful hopeful thankful useful (名词(量词)：handful mouthful) -ic/-ical academic historic historical practical/theoretical -ish foolish selfish -ive alternative attractive conservative exclusive impressive talkative sensitive -ly friendly manly -ous courteous hazardous glorious -y hairy silky -less 表示反义 meaningless pilotless relentless speechless (3) 副词的后缀 -ly boldly -ward(s) 表示方向 afterward(s) backward(s) forward(s) landward -wise 表示方式 clockwise counter-clockwise (4) 动词的后缀 -ate accommodate accumulate advocate affiliate aggravate appreciate associate communicate complicate concentrate cooperate cultivate designate dictate differentiate deliberate delineate deteriorate devastate donate elevate eliminate emulate evaluate exacerbate excavate facilitate fluctuate formulate hesitate hydrate implicate instigate insulate integrate intimidate irritate isolate locate mandate negotiate orchestrate originate participate regulate replicate pollinate simulate s