2017年中考英语直接引语与间接引语知识点复习.docVIP

2017年中考英语直接引语与间接引语知识点复习 语法要点：直接引语和间接引语属于宾语从句范畴。直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语;用自己的话转述别人的话，或引用自己说过的话，叫间接引语。由 于时间、地点以及人物都有可能起变化，所以间接引语中的时态、人称、语序、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。 1. 直接引语和间接引语的转换方法 ① 间接引语语序改为陈述句语序 陈述句用 that 引导，口语中常省略 She said，例： “I am going to the cinema. ” → She said she was going to the cinema. ② 一般疑问句 用if/whether连接，例： “Have you ever travelled by plane?” she asked me. → She asked me if / whether I had travelled by plane. ③ 反意疑问句 用if/whether连接，例： He asked，“You are a doctor， aren’t you?” → He asked if / whether I was a doctor. ④ 特殊疑问句 由原疑问词连接，例： He asked, “Who will come to help us?” → He asked who would come to help them. She said, “Where have you been， Simon?” → She asked Simon where he had been. ⑤ 选择疑问句 由 whether…or 引导，例： Eddie said, “Is this a TV set or a computer?” → Eddie asked whether that was a TV set or a computer. ⑥ 祈使句 用“tell /ask /order someone to do something” 结构，将动词原形变为动词不定式，例： “Put up your hands，” said the teacher. → The teacher told them to put up their hands. “Don’t play football on the street，” the policeman said. → The policeman ordered us not to play football on the street. 2. 时态的变化 如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态上要作相应变化： 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 → 一般过去时 现在进行时 → 过去进行时 现在完成时 → 过去完成时 一般过去时 → 过去完成时 过去完成时 → 过去完成时 一般将来时 → 过去将来时 3. 指示代词、时间状语和地点状语，直接引语变间接引语时的变化 ① 指示代词 this →that these → those ② 时间状语 now → then today → that day tonight → that night this morning → that morning tomorrow → the next day next week →the next week yesterday → the day before last week →the week before three days ago → three days before ③ 地点状语 here → there ④ 动词 come → go 特别提示：以上变化要根据说话的实际情况来定，不要机械地照搬。假如就在当地转述，here 就不必改为there;如果就在当天转述，yesterday，tomorrow 等时间状语也不必改变。　　　直击考点 一、单项填空 1. — My parents always tell me ___ others lateat night. — They’re right.