玉米秸稈液化产物聚氨酯合成工艺研究.docxVIP

玉米秸秆液化产物聚氨酯合成工艺研究赵胜利，王欣，黄金田（内蒙古农业大学 材料科学与艺术设计学院，呼和浩特010018）摘 要聚氨酯工业发展之快，已令世人瞩目。由于其强大的应用价值，聚氨酯材料已成为当今世界六大合成材料之一，且新产品不断涌现。本实验主要研究了秸秆液化产物聚氨酯弹性体的合成工艺。秸秆液化产物是以正丁醇为液化剂在催化剂的作用下160℃高温反应2h得到的，弹性体的合成采用两步法，依据其主要影响因素安排单因素试验，并对成品进行性能测试。结果表明：硫化剂用量为3%、初始反应温度为40℃、硫化时间为8h时其力学性能最佳。关键词：秸秆 液化产物 聚氨酯弹性体AbstractPolyurethane industry has been developed fast, It has put the focus of world attention. Due to its powerful applicated values, polyurethane materials has became one of six synthetic materials in the world today, and other new products is emerging continuously.This experiment mainly studies that use ing the straw liquefaction product produce polyurethane elastomer synthetic. Straw liquefaction product is n-buoh agent in the catalyst for liquefaction under the action of 160 ℃ high temperature reaction, 2 h of the synthesis of elastomer, getting the two footwork, according to the main factors affecting the orthogonal experiment, and then do product performance test. The results show that: the amount of 3% sulfurization agent, the initial reaction temperature of 40 ℃, curing time is 8 h its mechanical properties are best; Straw liquefaction product synthesis of the crystallinity of polyurethane than traditional polyurethane. Key words: Straw Liquefaction product Polyurethane Crystallinity农作物秸秆长期以来一直是一项丰富且未能得到有效利用的生物质资源。仅在中国，每年玉米秸秆的总量就达22亿t[1]。研究表明，将秸秆进行化学液化是一项能有效转化利用生物质资源的技术。早在1925年，Fierz[2]等就开始了木材转化方面的研究工作，液化主要是模拟煤的液化过程直接液化木材粉，制得了液体燃料。Lancas[3,4]等采用不同液化剂和催化剂对蔗渣液化为燃油进行了系统的研究。笔者在常压下使用正丁醇对玉米秸秆液化进行研究，探讨各因素对秸秆液化的影响，以其获得最佳液化工艺，为秸秆液化产物的高效利用和秸秆液化的工业化生产提供理论依据，并研究了将木质生物质材料进行生物转化成醇，或通过热化学作用将木材转化为液态物质，代替石化资源，作为化工原料，制备聚氨酯弹性体等其它高分子材料。Straw has been a rich and lack of efficient use of biomass resources for a Long time. In China, the total amount of corn stover annually amounted to 2.2 billion t[1]. Research shows that the Straw liquefaction is an effective technology of biomass resources utilization. As early as 1925, Fierz[2] et has began the work of the wood conversion, liquefaction of coal