3.2增词(2课时)例析.ppt

第2章 ————增词与减词 Amplification and Omission 一、为了保证译文语法结构的完整 （一） Adding Necessary Pronouns代词 “凭舟极目望去，远处是黛色青山和五彩斑斓的田野。” Leaning against the boat, you can see dark green mountains and gorgeous fields in the far distance. 接到你的来信，非常高兴。 I was very glad to have received your letter. 汉语句子在泛指的时候，显然可以增加上英语表示泛指的主语。如： 充分发挥个体、私营等非公有制经济在促进经济增长、扩大就业和活跃市场等方面的重要作用。 We should take advantage of non public-owned economy, including individual, privately owned etc., to fulfill its significant effect on accelerating economic improvement, enlarging employment, and flourishing the market. 然而，要想了解一个人的禀赋资质和实际能力如何，考试是考不出名堂来的。 But examinations are of vain if you want to know about the gift, intelligence or practical abilities of a person. 凡事应该适度，适度是最安全的。 One should be moderate in all things, and moderation is always the safest way. 孩子们天天带午饭到学校去吃。 The children take their lunches to school every day. 她用手蒙住脸，好像是为了保护眼睛。 She covered her face with her hand, as if to protect her eyes. 把这些故事看完以后，用你自己的话讲一遍。 After you have read these stories, tell them in your own words. 没有调查研究就没有发言权。 He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak. 知己知彼，百战不殆． Know the enemy and know yourself and you can fight a hundred battles with no danger of defeat. 这个小男孩饭前都洗手，然后用餐巾纸擦干。 This little boy always washes hands before meals and then dries with napkins. This little boy always washes his hands before meals and then dries them with napkins. （增物主代词和宾语） 增加英语代词it作主语 在英语中，代词it作主语的情况非常多。因为这个代词表示的意义非常丰富，它可以表示汉语中的气候、天气、时间等。 如“下雨了（It is raining），三点了（It’s 3 o’clock now）等。 它还可以充当强调句和形式主语句型的主语。如： 自从理查德·尼克松（Richard Nixon）同癌症宣战以来已经有30年了。 It is already three decades since Richard Nixon declared war on cancer. 大学的研究所才是初步研究学问的所在。 It is graduate school in a university that is the place to do research work at a basic level. 知道这个答案是有用的……如果你想到英语国家去念大学，或者你想找一份需要英语技能的工作的话，通过语言考试那就至关重要了。 It’s useful to know the answer… it is vital if you want to be enrolled in a college or university in an English-speaking country, or if you wan