《高中常见介词的基本用法.docxVIP

介词介词不能单独作句子成分，而是用来表示名词或代词等和句中其他词的关系，通常放在名词或代词之前，构成介词短语。介词短语作为一个成分在句中可用作定语，表语，状语等。When shall we have the talk on the history of the Party?我们何时听党史报告？（定语）His elder brother is in the army.他的哥哥在部队。（表语）I went to school at half past seven yesterday.昨天我7：30 上学。（状语）Will you please come along with me?跟我一起走好吗？（状语）※同一个汉语词可以译成不同的英语介词。例如：一幢石头的房子 a house of stone这个房间的钥匙 the key to this room明天的票 the ticket for tomorrow（一）About1．表示地点：在。。。周围；在。。。附近We took the foreign guests about the campus.我们带领外宾在校园里各处看看。2．表示时间：大约。。。；近于。。。时刻前后We left there about six o’clock我大约在六点左右离开那个地方。3．表示客体关系：对于；关于；有关。例如：1) I must see him, I’ve heard so much about him我必须要见他，我听到很多关于他的事情。2) What do you know about China?关于中国你知道些啥？（二）Above表示位置，职位，数量，年龄等：在。。。上方；在。。。之上；超过。。。1) Henry’s work is well above the average.亨利的功课大大超过一般水平。2) A bird is flying above the woods.一只鸟在树林上飞。3) The portrait is above the blackboard.一幅肖像挂在黑板的上方。4) It weighs above five tons.这东西有5 吨多重。（三）Across1．表动作方向/位置：横过；穿过。（在表面）1）The boy helped the old lady across the street.男孩扶老大娘穿过马路。2) The tree had fallen down across the railway line.树倒啦，横在铁路上。2．表示地点：在对面；在。。。的另一边。1）The church is across the river.教堂在河的对面。（四）After1.表示时间或位置：在。。。之后。1）Please line up one after another.请一个挨一个排好对。He goes on working day after day ,week after week without any change.他继续日复一日地工作，没有丝毫改变。Shut the door after you.随手关门！2．引伸意义：仿照；按照。Please make sentences after the model.请照示例造句。※（五）Against1．表示位置：依着；紧靠；撞击；碰着。1) He rested his bike against the wall.他把自行车靠在墙上。2) The rain was beating against the windows.雨敲打着窗户。2．引伸意义：反对；禁止。1）Are you for it or against it ?你是赞成还是反对？2) Is there a law in this country against spitting right and left?你们国家有没有反对随地吐痰的规定？3) He is against this proposal.他反对这个提议。3．引伸意义：违背。1）In the old days many girls were married against their own will.在过去，许多姑娘们违背自己的意愿嫁人。（六）Along表示动作方向，位置：顺着；沿着。They walked along the river.他们沿着河走。七）Among表示位置等；在。。。中间；在。。。之中（在三者或三者以上之中）。1)The village lies among the hills.村庄位于群山之中。2) Divide it among you three.你们三人把它分了。（八）At1．表示时间：在。。。时刻；在。。。点钟；在。。。岁（时）1)I