雜交小麦论文杂交小麦亲本杂种优势群划分研究.docVIP

杂交小麦论文：杂交小麦亲本杂种优势群划分研究 【中文摘要】为了揭示杂种小麦亲本间的组配规律,以15份普通小麦为材料,采用NCⅡ设计组配84个组合,根据F1性状表现和亲本的配合力分析结合SSR分子标记对供试材料进行杂种优势群划分。为了扩大杂交小麦亲本的遗传基础,进一步利用SSR标记对来自全国各地的147普通小麦进行了杂种优势群划分,所得结果如下:1.杂种F1的杂种优势是普遍存在的,所调查的8个农艺性状大都表现正向优势,各性状差异很大。中亲优势的平均杂种优势表现大小顺序为:单株产量单穗产量千粒重株高穗长主穗粒数主穗小穗数单株穗数。2.对不同的6个组间杂种优势表现分析得出“中间型×多穗型”为强优势组合类型。3.配合力分析结果表明:同一性状不同亲本或同一亲本不同性状的一般配合力(GCA)有很大的差异,不同组合各性状的特殊配合力(SCA)也不同。强优势组合的SCA大都比较高,大多数强优势组合的双亲之一的GCA或双亲GCA效应之和较高,相反弱优势组合的SCA相对来说比较低,并且其组合的亲本GCA也比较低;一般配合力与特殊配合力并没有必然的联系。4.除主穗粒数超标优势(HK)外,F1各性状杂种优势分别与双亲GCA效应之和、组合SCA效应相关不显著,但F1各性状表现值与SCA效应相关极显著。5.根据亲本8个农艺性状的一般配合力效应值将15份亲本划分为5类,根据农艺性状的直接表现值将15份化杀杂交小麦亲本亦划分为5类。利用89对SSR引物对16份亲本进行了SSR分析,89对引物共检测到291个等位基因位点,每对引物检测到等位基因1-8个,平均每对引物检测出3.27个。通过SSR标记计算亲本间遗传相似性系数并对其进行聚类分析,以遗传相似性系数0.72为域值,16份亲本可聚为6类。6.利用32对SSR引物对147份普通小麦进行了SSR分子标记,32对SSR引物共检测到等位基因位点125个,每对引物检测到等位基因2-6个,平均每对引物检测出3.91个。通过SSR标记计算亲本间遗传相似性系数并对其进行聚类分析,以遗传相似性系数0.65为域值可将147份材料划分为9个杂种优势群。 【英文摘要】In order to discover the collocation regulation among hybrid wheat parents, 15 common wheats match 84 cross combination by NCⅡdesign.According to F1’phenotypic expression,anylisis of parental combining ability and SSR molecular marker,heterosis groups are divided in selected materials.To enlarge hereditarybasis of hybrid wheat parents,heterosis groups are divided on 147 wheats from different areas in China by making further use SSR molecular marker.The results are as follows:1.The heterosis of hybrid F1 is ubiquitous.8 agronomic characters investigated performed mostly positive advantage,the hetirosis differs greatly in various characters.The sequence of characters over mid-parent heterosis’meanperformance is single plant yieldkernel yield per ear1000-seed-weightplant heightear lenghgrain number per main ear spikelet number of main ear spike number per plant.2.Through the analysis of heterosis among 6 different groups,it is concluded that the intermediate type×more spikes type is the parental combination type with strong heterosis.3.The result of the analysis of combining ability sho