ppt课件-inventorymanagement-directory.pptVIP

Managing Facilitating Goods Learning Objectives Discuss the role of information technology in managing inventories. Describe the functions and costs of an inventory system. Determine the order quantity. Determine the reorder point and safety stock for inventory systems with uncertain demand. Design a continuous or periodic review inventory-control system. Conduct an ABC analysis of inventory items. Determine the order quantity for the single-period inventory case. Describe the rationale behind the retail discounting model. Role of Inventory in Services Decoupling inventories Seasonal inventories Speculative inventories Cyclical inventories In-transit inventories Safety stocks Considerations in Inventory Systems Type of customer demand Planning time horizon  Replenishment lead time Constraints and relevant costs Relevant Inventory Costs Ordering costs Receiving and inspections costs Holding or carrying costs Shortage costs Inventory Management Questions What should be the order quantity (Q)? When should an order be placed, called a reorder point (ROP)? How much safety stock (SS) should be maintained? Inventory Models Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) Special Inventory Models  With Quantity Discounts Planned Shortages Demand Uncertainty - Safety Stocks Inventory Control Systems Continuous-Review (Q,r) Periodic-Review (order-up-to) Single Period Inventory Model Inventory Levels For EOQ Model Annual Costs For EOQ Model EOQ Formula NotationD = demand in units per yearH = holding cost in dollars/unit/yearS = cost of placing an order in dollarsQ = order quantity in units Total Annual Cost for Purchase Lots EOQ  Annual Costs for Quantity Discount Model Inventory Levels For Planned Shortages Model Formulas for Special Models Quantity Discount Total Cost Model Model with Planned Shortages Values for Q* and K* as AFunction of Backorder Cost Demand During Lead Time Example Safety Stock (SS) Demand During Lead Time (LT) has Normal Distribution with - - S