沉积物类型和水位对湿地植物生物量的影响-新.docVIP

Effects of sediment type and water level on biomass production of wetland plant species 沉积物类型和水位对湿地植物生物量的影响 1. Introduction： In shoreline vegetation, hydrology is generally considered to be most important in determining zonation and species composition of wetland plant communities。 在海岸带植物中，水文地理学通常被认为对决定湿地植物群落的分布和物种组成起最重要的作用。 There is however increasing evidence（迹象） that accumulation of organic matter（有机物） is also an important factor for species distribution。 然而，越来越多的迹象表明有机物的聚集体对物种分布也有重要作用。 Above the water level, productivity of individual species and standing crop often increase with organic matter content (Wilson and Keddy, 1985), but in flooded parts organic matter may provide adverse conditions for plant growth. 在水平线之上，个体种和庄稼的产量随有机物含量的增加而增加，但是在泛滥区域，有机物可能对植物生长起有害作用。 Oxygen consumption by microbial activity is higher than in mineral soils (Brinson et al., 1981) which constrains the ability for rhizosphere oxidation (Armstrong, 1970; Brix and Sorrell,1996). 泛滥区域中，由微生物活动引起的氧消耗，可以抑制根围土壤的氧化，比在矿质土中高， As a consequence, species with limited rhizosphere oxidizing ability are replaced by better adapted species when organic matter accumulates。 所以，当有机物聚集时，根围氧化能力有限的物种被更适应的物种替代。 Emergent macrophytes however, may also be susceptible to organic matter accumulation. 然而，大型的自然植物也可能对有机物积累敏感。 Although Van den Brink et al. (1995) found a stimulating effect of organic matter on the growth of eight, waterlogged helophytes, many studies have found that growth is reduced in flooded organic sediments, where the organic matter originated from emergent macrophytes。 This refractory organic matter differs from the labile organic matter originating from algae and submerged macrophytes because it contains a high amount of lignin and cellulose. 这种顽固的有机物与来源于水藻和沉水植被的不稳定化合物不同，因为它包括高度的木质素和纤维素。 During the anaerobic decomposition of these compounds, phytotoxic organic acids such as acetic and butyric acid are released。 当这些化合物厌氧分解时，会分解出乙酸、丁酸等植物毒素有机酸。 Refractory organic matter is the common type in stands