[基于信道识别的超宽带信号同步算法的研究.docVIP

基于信道识别的超宽带信号 同步算法的研究 摘 要 超宽带无线电直接使用短脉冲承载信息，与传统的通信系统相比具有系统结构的实现比较简单，高速的数据传输，低功耗，安全性高，多径分辨能力强，定位精确，造价低等特点。 这些特点决定了超宽带同步的特殊性。超宽带的同步必须快速准确地完成。超宽带接收机氛围相干接收机和非相干接收机。相应地，对超宽带同步方法的研究也是基于这两种接收机，而且衍生出很多的同步方案。 本文提出的一种改进的同步算法的仿真环境为IEEE 802.15.4a标准的复数信道。利用信道类型识别方法，首先对信道进行识别，其次利用信道冲激响应来确定脉冲展宽，再利用自适应非相干差分的方法进行快速同步，仿真中还会利用到窗口叠加的思想。通过仿真结果可知，在不同信道有必要采用不同的截止窗口，而且这个方法将有助于缩小同步误差。通过仿真还发现，信道识别的参数与同步误差存在一定的关系。 关键词：超宽带；非相干；信道识别；快速同步  ABSTRACT Ultra Wide Band (UWB) Wireless Radio carries information by short pulses. Comparing with the traditional communication system, UWB processes following merits: easy to implement, high data rate, low power consumption, high security, high multipath resolution, accurate positioning, and low cost et.al This feature decides the uniqueness of the synchronization of UWB. The synchronization of UWB should perform swiftly and accurately. There are two kinds of receivers for UWB, the coherent one and the non-coherent one. Correspondingly, the synchronization methods for UWB are developed respecting the type of the receiver. And lots of extended synchronization methods have been developed. In this study, we adopt the IEEE 802.15.4a channel model. We borrow the channel identification method to identify channel first. And then, the pulse spread is computed by channel impulse response. Next, synchronization is accomplished by the adaptive non-coherent differential fast synchronization. During this simulation, the overlapping window scheme is also absorbed. The simulation results tell us that it more efficient to use different window size corresponding to different channel type, which would benefit decreasing synchronization error. It is also discovered that there are certain functions between the parameters for channel identification and the synchronization errors. Key words: UWB; Non-coherent; Channel Identification; Fast Synchronization  一、超宽带技术的简介 超宽带的定义 FCC在2002年提出的UWB标准为：如果一个信号-10dB辐射点的带宽已经超过 500MHz，不管信号的相对带宽是多少都可以认为是一个UWB信号。由500MHz的下限频率可以得到一个大