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r e v o l u t i o n i n g e o l o g i c a l f i e l d m a p p i n g（l u r e v o t i o n i l n g e o o g i c l f i e l d m p p i n g）（23页）.doc

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REVOLUTION IN GEOLOGICAL FIELD MAPPING: REAL-TIME DIGITAL DATA CAPTURE AND THE VIRTUAL OUTCROP Xu, Xueming, Aiken, Carlos L. V. and Nielsen, Kent C. Dept. of Geosciences, University of Texas At Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083 New off the shelf technologies have evolved which when integrated provide a revolutionary means for a geologist to quickly and digitally “capture” observations in the field. This system relies on GPS positioned control points which can be determined with various levels of accuracy. A reflectorless laser rangefinder (laser gun) is used to remotely position geologic features with accuracy from centimeters to decimeters relative to the GPS control points. The laser gun can also be used to reference oblique digital photography of outcrops. Data capture with lasers and GPS, integrated with digital photographs and conventional outcrop information provide a virtual outcrop which is fully constrained geometrically and geographically. The data can be managed by a variety of software, including Geographic Information Systems (GIS), on portable computers. This approach also allows digital analysis to be made in the field in real time. This field data is three dimensional; unfortunately most GIS operates in 2D (X-Y) and with an attribute for Z or in 2 ? D in which only one Z value is possible for any X-Y value. True 3D visualization requires software that is capable of using all multiple values of Z for each X-Y position. The purpose of this article is to describe the use of these integrated technologies to capture geology digitally, to visualize the data, and to analyze data, even in real time. We believe that although these technologies are effective tools at this time, they are rapidly evolving, becoming more functional, accurate, portable, and cost effective. They will become the standard for field data acquisition in the next century In geology as in many sciences, there is a requirement for data to be collected in a natural setting , then