专业英语中英对照[精选].docxVIP

Specialized English-reviewⅠ.Words:Organic Chemistryalkane烷烃-ene烯(词尾)-yne炔(词尾)-ol醇(词尾)-al醛(词尾)-yl基(词尾)aldehyde醛，甲醛amide酰胺ether乙醚ketone酮alcohol醇carboxylic acid羧酸acetic acid乙酸，醋酸ester酯acid chloride酰氯carbon碳hydrocarbon烃carbohydrate碳水化合物Lewis acid路易斯酸Lewis base路易斯碱amine胺ammonium铵Grignard reagent格式试剂carbonium ion碳正离子carbonyl羰基benzene苯hydroxyl羟基functional group 官能团homologue同系物homologous同系(物)的heteroatom杂(环)原子organometallic有机金属的isomer同分异构体stereochemistry立体化学stereoisomer立体异构体optically active旋光的，有旋光性的optical rotation旋光度conformational isomer构象异构体eclipsed conformation重叠构象staggered conformation参差构象，对位交叉构象isolation分离reflux回流evaporation蒸发filtration过滤crystallization结晶化extraction萃取distillation蒸馏residue残余物，残渣by-product副产品dehydrate脱水(物)nucleophilic亲核的electrophilic亲电的addition加成(反应)substitution取代electronegativity电负性aliphatic脂肪族的aromatic芳香的derivative衍生物be derived from由…衍生/得到parent member母体bond angle键角single bond单键double bond双键triple bond三键cis顺式trans反式localized局限性delocalized离域resonance共振intermediate中间体polarize极化orbital轨道Inorganic Chemistryoxide氧化物hydroxide氢氧化物carbon dioxide二氧化碳halide卤化物carbonate碳酸盐nitrate硝酸盐sulphate硫酸盐lithium锂sodium钠potassium钾calcium钙magnesium镁aluminium铝zinc锌copper铜iron铁oxidation氧化reduction还原hydrolysis水解neutralization中和decomposition分解 acid酸oxyacid含氧酸hydrobromicacid氢溴酸hydrofluoric acid氢氟酸sulfuric acid硫酸phosphoric acid磷酸nitric acid硝酸base碱alkali碱alkali-earth碱土金属hydrogen氢nitrogen氮oxygen氧halogen卤素sp3-hybridizedsp3杂化formula化学式Physical Chemistryintermolecular分子间的intramolecular分子内的thermodynamics热力学exothermic放热的endothermic吸热的law定律constant常数kinetics动力学rate coefficient速率系数plot … against …绘制slope斜率reciprocal倒数mechanism机理order级pseudo-first-order准一级pseudo-second-order准二级crystal晶体amorphous非晶相phase相interfacial tension界面张力solute溶质solvent溶剂dissolve溶解soluble可溶的solubility溶解度capillary毛细管saturation饱和aqueous(含)水的equilibrium平衡forward正向backward逆向reversible可逆的irreversible不可逆的hydrophilic亲水的hydrophobic疏水的amphiphilic两亲的lipophilic亲脂性的surfactant表面活性剂cationic阳离子のanionic阴离子non-ionic非离子的positive ion阳离子，正离子