(11.第十一章关系词5460.docVIP

11.第十一章 关系词（54-60） 关系词 ?关系代名词的种类 关系代名词=连接词+代名词 (代名词就是代替名词，功能避免重复) We met a man. The man directed us to the factory. = We met a man and he directed us to the factory. and (连接词)+he(代名词)= who. = we met a man who directed us to the factory. (在关系代词前面的词是先行词，关系代词=先行词，who也是主词) 关系代名词的种类和格 主格+(动词) I have a friend who (=that) likes music very much. (that是人,物,事物都可以用的关系词) Who (=that) likes music very much. 又是形容词子句;补充说明friend;Who 也是主词 所有格+(名词) The student whose mother died yesterday is absent today. (whose是人,物,事物都可以用的) The student whose mother died yesterday, 整个句子是大主词.whose mother died yesterday.是形容词子句修饰friend. The student is absent today. 仍是主要字句 受格+(主词+动词+介词) This is the man whom I spoke of. =This is the man that I spoke of. =This is the man I spoke of. (受格的关系代名词可以省略) 二.关系代名词的用法 格 先行词 主格+V 所有格+N 受格+S+V+(介词) 人 who whose whom 1. I don’t like people. They lost their tempers easily. 这句讲的是People. [lost 是动词,动词前面用主格who] =I don’t like people [who lose their tempers easily.] 2. I have a classmate. Her mother is a famous singer. = I have a classmate whose mother is a famous singer. [mother是名词，名词前面用所有格whose.] 3. I met some friends. whom I hadn’t seen them for ages. (是受格关代) = I met some friends whom I hadn’t seen for ages. (受格关代还可以省略) 注意：人称代名词的受格关代会在动词或介词的后面。 关系代名词的受格关代会在拿到主词，动词的前面，因为要紧跟先行词。 4.不吃肉类的人称为素食主义者。People who don’t eat meat are called vegetarian. 5.所有你所照顾的孩子都会喜爱游泳。（先行词是所有的孩子） All the children (whom) you take care of, will enjoy swimming. 重点句子 enjoy+Ving… 关代种类的表格 格 先行词 主格+V 所有格+N 受格+S+V+(介词) 事,物,动物 which Whose Of which Which 1. English is a language. It is spoken all over the world. = English is a language [which is spoken all over the world.] (language=it , it 是主词，关系代词用which.) 2. He looked for a car. Its engine was in good condition. (car=its; engine 是名词，名词前面用所有格) = He looked for a car [whose engine was in good condition.] (whose用的最多) He looked for a c