高考重点词语辨析..docVIP

高考重点词语辨析(一)——动词1．accuse / charge　　accuse 和charge都有“指责，控告”之意，有时可通用，但结构不一样。accuse不一定针对重大过失或罪行，其结构为accuse sb of sth。而charge一般用于重大过失或罪行，其结构为charge sb with sth，此结构还有“使某人负有……责任”之意。　　My father accused me of my being too careless. 父亲责备我太粗心。　　He accused me of neglecting my duty. 他指控我玩忽职守。　　He charged me with neglecting my duty. 他指控我玩忽职守。　　Jimmy was charged with murder. 吉米被控谋杀。　　He was charged with an important task. 他担负有一项重要任务。2．add / add to / add up / add up to　　add：增加，把……加上。add…to…：把……加到。　　At the end of the party, we added another program.　　You needn’t add any water to the medicine.　　add to：增添。指增添喜悦、悲伤、麻烦等。　　His coming added to our trouble. 他的到来给我们添了麻烦。　　add up：加起来。　　Have you added up all the numbers?　　add up to：总计。表示加起来的结果，无被动结构。　　All the numbers added up to 100.3．advise / suggest　　advise：建议，劝说。　　I advised (his) trying again. (= suggest)　　I advised that we (should) try again. (= suggest，虚拟语气。)　　I advised him to give up smoking. 　　I advised him not to smoke. 　　Could you advise us on how to learn English? 　　Could you give us some advice on how to learn English?　　suggest：建议，表明，暗示。　　We suggest having a meeting at once. (= advise) 　　We suggest that a meeting (should) be held at once. (= advise，虚拟语气。　　His pale face suggests that he is in poor health. 他那苍白的脸色表明他身体欠佳。 4．agree with / agree to / agree on 　　agree with：同意，赞成后接“人”或what从句作宾语；适合，适应；一致。 　　I don’t quite agree with you.　　Nobody agreed with what he had said at the meeting.　　The weather here doesn’t agree with most of us. 这里的天气我们多数人不适应。　　3：Your words do not agree with your actions. 你的言行不一。　　agree to：同意，赞成。指一方同意另一方的意见、建议、观点、想法等。　　John can’t agree to Joe’s idea.　　agree on：对……达成共识。指双方或多方对某事取得一致意见。　　Finally John and Joe agreed on the plan.5．allow / permit / let / promise　　allow：允许，许可。指听任或默许，也可用来表示客气的请求。　　Who allowed you to leave the camp？　　Smoking is not allowed here. 　　Please allow me to introduce myself to you. 　　permit：允许，许可。通常指正式的许可。　　He declared that he would permit me to do so.