the magnetic fieldina slinky- p c c（磁fieldina紧身- p c c）（5页）.docVIP

Experiment: The Magnetic Fields due to Electric Currents Objectives Determine the relationship between magnetic field and the current in a current carrying wire Determine the relationship between magnetic field, the current and the number of turns per meter in a solenoid. Observe how the field varies inside and outside a solenoid. Determine the value of o, the permeability constant. Materials LabPro interface meter stick Logger Pro software DC power supply Exposed copper wire Ammeter Magnetic Field Sensor cardboard spacers Slinky connecting wires switch tape and cardboard straight copper wire compass Introduction When current flows through a wire, a magnetic field is generated due to the moving charge. Clearly the magnitude of the magnetic field depends on the size of the current and the distance away from the wire. According to Ampere’s Law, the magnitude of magnetic field vector is described by: The direction of B “curls” around the length of the wire according to the right-hand rule. A solenoid is made by taking a tube and wrapping it with many turns of wire. A metal Slinky is the same shape and will serve as our solenoid. When a current passes through the wire, a magnetic field is present inside the solenoid. Solenoids are used in electronic circuits or as electromagnets. The magnitude of magnetic field vector within the solenoid is described by: In this lab the direction of the magnetic field outside a current-carrying wire will be observed. In addition, the factors that affect the magnetic field inside a solenoid will be explored using a compass and a magnetic field sensor. Lastly, you will also measure o, the permeability constant using a solenoid. The permeability constant is a fundamental constant of physics. Figure 1 Part I: A Current-Carrying Wire Part A: How is the Magnetic Field in a Wire Related to the Current? Set-up the circuit shown above in Figure 1. Warning: This lab requires fairly large currents to flow through the wires. Only