(情态动词4.pptVIP

Chapter Five 情态动词（Modal Verbs） 一、Can and Could 1.表示能力和客观可能性： A blind man can’t judge colors; The theatre can hold 2500 people; Could you follow her talk? In these days few workers could support their families; She asked whether she could take the books out of the room;A cracket bell can never sound well;She can’t be serious;: 表示能力时可与be able to 同义，两者区别在于： A．be able to比can and could 有更多的时态： Spaceship will be able to carry passengers for trips to the moon or planes in the future. I’m sorry I haven’t been able to give you much help. B.过去时中，could 表示能够做某事，但不一定做；be able to 表示能做某事并且去做了而且往往指经过一番努力才能做到，意义等同于manage to/succeed in: He tried hard and now able to cross the river; As he was not intelligent, he was able to finish by evening; I could catch 7:30 train; I was able to catch 7:30 train;. C. be able to可用于动名词或不定时短语中can 和could却不能： He said that he so much regrettable not being able to swim; He used to be able to speak German well; I’d like to be able to stay here. 2.表示允许，常用于口语，代替May，也可用于委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法：Can I come in?You can go now.This sort of thing can’t go on.Could I see your passport?I’m afraid we couldn’t give you an answer today.此时无时间差别。 We could have solved the problems in a more reasonable fashion. 否定推测可用can’t do or can’t have done.前者表示对现在的推测，后者表示对过去的推测，如： He can’t be in Chongqing now, I saw him gone two hours ago; He can’t be working now for it is Sunday. He can’t have seen me yesterday because I wasn’t there. Couldn’t have done 表示即使尽力而为也可能未能做到： I couldn’t have won, so I didn’t go in for the rain; As a teacher, I couldn’t have earned much money. We could not have heard them because of the noise of the river. Can’t have done比couldn’t have done的可能性更大，如： He can’t have done such a thing; He couldn’t have done such a thing. He can’t have seen her yesterday; He couldn’t have seen her yesterday. 二、may 和might1.询问或说明一件事可不可以地做，表示允许（肯定句）和请求（疑问句），might 可以是may 的过去时，表示委婉语气，口语中多以can代替may,在回答“May I …?”避免用May以显客气。You may borrow any of those books on the shelves.May I s