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任利华 教材与参考书 （一）教材 1、秦荻辉：科技英语写作。西安电子科技大学出版社（旧版）或外研社（新版） 2、秦荻辉：科技英语阅读高级教程。西安电子科技大学出版社 （二）参考书 秦荻辉：实用科技英语语法精华。西安电子科技大学出版社 关于本课程的一些注意事项： 必须自己记笔记，不提供任何课件。 上课必须自带课本。 本课程授课内容： ESP=English for specific purposes scientific English, EST=English for Science and Technology Similarities and differences between EST and general English Phonetics: the same Vocabulary: basically interchangeably used, scientific literature is featured by high specialization, the use of technical terms and jargons, unambiguous implication and the fixed sense of the words, more compound words, Latin and Greek words, contracted words（约定俗成）, noun clusters. Types of vocabulary in EST ①纯科技词汇，专业技术词汇：词义单一，范围窄，一词一意。 ②通用科技词汇：与普通英语融合，词义不变。 Frequency ③普通词汇（半科技词汇）：不同领域意义不同 Carrier (搬运工，病携带者，托架，航空母舰，载流子，载波) Power: (幂，功率，电源) ④复合词汇、派生词（新技术）：homepage, website, webzine, netizen ⑤抽象名词，缩略词 Comsat (通讯卫星)， syccom (同步通讯) vol. Grammar: ①被动语态（着眼于结果，不考虑执行者，客观表达，本身准确，严谨，精练） e.g. A thorough exposition is accorded to the principles of a computer in this book. 本书详细地论述了计算机原理。 This topic will be dealt with in the next chapter. 这个内容将在下一章讨论。 ②V. + prep. + n. V. + adv. + n. Compare A with B, substitute A for B ③形容词短语作后置定语 A laser beam powerful enough and concentrated enough (功率足够大，强度足够高的) can damage a satellite or a missile many miles away. ④Non-finite verb (非谓语动词)作定语 e.g. The data to be checked, a voltage modulated This book, properly used, may be of great help to the reader. 本书如果使用得当，对读者会是很有帮助的。 The existence of quanta prevents our being able to describe the motion of atomic particles in the conventional way. 由于存在着量子，使我们不能按惯常的方法描述原子微粒的运动。 ⑤long and complex sentences ⑥nominalization (名词化结构) 名词词组 ＋ of + 具体名词 ＋ 后置定语 The passage of a current through a conductor may result in heat. The substitution of rolling friction for sliding friction may result in a very considerable reduction in friction. ⑦陈述句多，时态有限，祈使句，虚拟句多，倒装，省略，分离，无个人风格。 e.g. Consider the following simple circuit. [我们来]考虑一下下面这个简单电路。 It is necessary to hav