IOAA竞赛容大纲.docVIP

S Y L L A B U S(proposed)ofthe International Olympiadon Astronomy and Astrophysics IOAA竞赛内容大纲 ? ? General Notes（概述） Extensive contents in basic astronomical concepts are required in theoretical and practical problems.（竞赛中需要基础的天文学知识） Basic concepts in physics and mathematics at high school level are required in solving the problems. Standard solutions should not involve calculus.（高中的数学和物理知识是必备的，标准的解法不应使用微积分。） Astronomical software packages may be used in practical and observational problems. The contestants will be informed the list of software packages to be used at least 3 months in advance. （在实测竞赛中可能使用计算机天文软件，在竞赛前3个月会通知参赛选手将可能使用何种软件。） Contents not included in the Syllabus may be used in questions but sufficient information must be given in the questions so that contestants without previous knowledge of these topics would not be at a disadvantage. （本大纲以外的知识也可以在竞赛中使用，但题目中需提供足够的信息以使以前从未接触过这方面知识的人不会处于不利地位。） Sophisticated practical equipments may be used in the questions but sufficient information must be provided A. Theoretical Part（理论部分） The following theoretical contents are proposed for the contestants. 1. Basic Astrophysics基础天文学 Contents Remarks Celestial Mechanics Kepler’s Laws, Newton’s Laws of Gravitation Electromagnetic Theory Quantum Physics Electromagnetic spectrum, Radiation Laws, Blackbody radiation, Doppler effect Thermodynamics Thermodynamic equilibrium, Ideal gas, Energy transfer Spectroscopy and Atomic Physics Absorption, Emission, Scattering, Spectra of Celestial objects, Line formations Nuclear Physics Basic concepts 2. Coordinates and Times天球坐标 Contents Remarks Celestial Sphere Spherical trigonometry, Celestial coordinates, Equinox and Solstice, Circumpolar stars, Constellations and Zodiac Concept of Time Solar time, Sidereal time, Julian date, Heliocentric Julian date, Time zone, Universal Time, Local Mean Time 3. Solar System太阳系 Contents Remarks The Sun Solar structure, Solar surface activities, Solar rotation, Solar radiatio