01-Oveview.pptVIP

Data and Computer Communications Eighth Edition by William Stallings Contemporary Data Comms trends traffic growth at a high steady rate development of new services advances in technology significant change in requirements emergence of high-speed LANs corporate WAN needs digital electronics A Communications Model Communications Tasks Data Communications Model Transmission Medium selection is a basic choice internal use entirely up to business long-distance links made by carrier rapid technology advances change mix fiber optic wireless transmission costs still high hence interest in efficiency improvements Networking growth of number power of computers is driving need for interconnection also seeing rapid integration of voice, data, image video technologies two broad categories of communications networks: Local Area Network (LAN) Wide Area Network (WAN) Wide Area Networks span a large geographical area cross public rights of way rely in part on common carrier circuits alternative technologies used include: circuit switching packet switching frame relay Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Circuit Switching uses a dedicated communications path established for duration of conversation comprising a sequence of physical links with a dedicated logical channel eg. telephone network Packet Switching data sent out of sequence small chunks (packets) of data at a time packets passed from node to node between source and destination used for terminal to computer and computer to computer communications Frame Relay packet switching systems have large overheads to compensate for errors modern systems are more reliable errors can be caught in end system Frame Relay provides higher speeds with most error control overhead removed Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM evolution of frame relay fixed packet (called cell) length with little overhead for error control anything from 10Mbps to Gbps constant data rate using packet switching technique with multiple virtual circuits Local Area Netw