专业外语笔整理.docVIP

Unit 1 About Computers 1、How do people use computers? 重点记忆 Scientists use computers to solve research problems.Enigineers use computers to make cars.The polices use computers to track down criminals. 2、What is handware and give examples. 重点记忆 Physical compoents of computer. Examples:keyboard,mouse,joystic,light pen,scanner. 3、What is software and the types. 重点记忆 The problems that run the computer. Two types: (1) System software:Unix,Windows,Mac os. (2) Application software:QQ,photoshop,MS office. 4、Machine language:0,1. 5、The father of computer is Charles Babbage. 重点记忆 Unit 2 Two Operating System 重点记忆 1、What is OS? (1) It is a program that control the computer. (2) System software. (3) It acts as interface between users and computers. (4) It controls and manages compter resources. user 1 user 2 user n Application software OS Handware 2、Function of OS (1) Process management (2) Device management (3) File management (4) Memory management 3、Goals of OS (1) Convenient:Windows (2) Efficient:Unix 4、Generations of OS (1) Sequential Operating System (2) Batch processing Operating System (3) Multiprograming Operating System (4) Real-time Operating System 5、Categrories of OS (1) Single-User Operating System :DOS,OS/2 (2) Multi-User Operating System :IBM,OS/390 (3) Network Operating System (4) Multi-Tasking Operating System :Windows,Unix (5) Desktop Operating System :PC,Tablet,PDA (6) Mobile Operating System :Android,ios,Windows 6、The difference between RAM and ROM RAM ROM Random Access Memory Read Only Memory Read and write only read Temporary memory Permenent memory 7、The difference between Main Memory and Secondary Memory