本科毕业设计论文--论语块理论在对外汉语教学中的运用 .docVIP

目录 中文摘要 2 Abstract 3 引言 4 1语块理论概述 5 1.1语块的定义 5 1.2语块与词、短语、熟语、句子之间的关系 6 2汉语语块的类型 7 2.1固定语语块 7 2.2搭配语块 7 2.3框式短语语块 8 3对外汉语教学中进行语块教学意义 8 3.1培养语感，提高语言表达的准确性和地道性 8 3.2有助于语言表达的流利性和语篇写作的流畅性 8 3.3提高交际的得体性 9 4语块理论在对外汉语教学中的运用 9 4.1讲授语块知识，使学生树立语块意识 9 4.2增加语块输入和输出量 10 4.3创设情境，重视语块的整体提取和运用 10 4.4语块教学要分阶段分层次 11 5对对外汉语语块教学的建议 12 5.1转变观念，教授语块 12 5.2整理常用语块，分级分类 12 结 语 13 参考文献 14 中文摘要 语块（chunks of language）理论是国外学者提出的语言研究的理论，近年来国内语言学界也逐渐重视语块理论的研究，特别是在英语作为第二语言的教学中。 本文首先阐述了什么是语块和语块概念的演变，从几个角度介绍了语块的分类情况，并对语块的功能进行了描述。结合汉语的实际情况和目前汉语语块研究取得的成果，对汉语语块的分类标准进行了界定，并区分了语块与词、短语、熟语、句子几个基本概念的关系。本文将汉语语块划分为两大类：词级语块和句级语块。词级语块包括固定语语块、搭配语块和框式短语语块三类，在每一类下面又分若干小类；句级语块包括常语语块、框架句式语块和口语常用句式语块三类，每一类下亦分若干小类。 我们深信语块理论会对汉语本体研究及对外汉语教学及教学研究产生积极的促进作用。因此，本文建议应对汉语中的常用语块进行分级分类的整理，将其应用在对外汉语教材的编写中；教师也应转变教学观念，强化语块意识，将语块教学当成一条主线贯穿于对外汉语教学的始终。 关键词：语块理论；汉语语块；对外汉语教学；语块教学 Abstract Chunks of language theory which was put forward first by foreign scholars. In recent years, it had got increasingly attention from Domestic linguists especially in English as a Second Language Teaching. First ,our article elaborated what’s chunk and the evolution of chunk’s definitions, introduced chunk’s kinds from some aspects, described chunk’s function .Combined with the actual situation of Chinese language and research achievements already got, we cleared the standard of classifying chunk and relationships with other concepts—word, phrase sayings and sentence. We classified Chinese chunk into two big kinds： word-level chunk sentence-level chunk. The former include that, fixed chunk, collocated chunk and framed-phrase chunk. The later included that, regular chunk framed-sentence chunk and comment-spoken-sentence chunk. We believe that, Chunks of language theory will prome Chinese-teaching. So we advanced that it’s necessary to sort out chunks and to applicate it into teaching.Teachers shoud change teaching-concepts, intensify chunk-awareness ,teach chunk from start to finish. Keywords： chunks of language theory ; Chine