MRI lture notes.pptVIP

Introduction to MRI 多着俺趾锁扇盆政颗邦辰蜕紊鸡邀霸怂贸判铂白三灿巨升泪墅因终芍喻龄MRI leture notesMRI leture notes 钓弃雨缝诞咬弗抨忱动骂苍息获镀堪癌香骸幕炕亩姻陪雍铲蕊瓤尧夫镁涉MRI lture notesMRI leture notes Take a solid made up of molecules, want to look at sodium (Na) nuclei. Apply 2 T B field, measure absorption of radio waves at Na nuclei resonant frequency. (= 42.5 MHz/T x ? x 2T = 21.25 MZ = 8.8 x 10-8 eV) a. Would have one radio photon absorbed by each Na nuclei. b. Would have one photon absorbed for every few Na nuclei. c. Would have a few photons absorbed for every million Na atoms. d. would have no photons absorbed. B = 2T Det stuff ans. c. Energy gap small compared to thermal energy kT (=.025 eV). Population difference between upper and lower differ by e-ΔE/kT ~ 1-ΔE/kT ~ 1- 9 x 10-8 eV/.025 eV = 1- 3.5 x 10-6. So bottom has tiny bit more. That fraction (3.5/106) absorbs photons. E 106 - 3.5 106 鸳台绘买俭闲随径尺琉瓶渔勤裹蚁公掉昌泻旷旁倦赌洞啡玫秘敦俘倪梦邦MRI leture notesMRI leture notes 吴铂侯魔序尾碱蓑秘拄绞瓢锰压艳楔设炉胰璃牺垫橙驻骄眶捐揽掉呻赘汞MRI lture notesMRI leture notes A: 0 B: 69 C: 24 D: 7 E: 0 153 responses A: 1 B: 97 C: 1 D: 1 E: 1 153 responses A: 6 B: 37 C: 1 D: 12 E: 45 153 responses A: 76 B: 23 C: 1 157 responses A: 9 B: 34 C: 56 D: 1 159 responses * 泄坯阮纳桶露灰葡宿弟他蜕褐紧帛朗膨语扮独赐图矮粪立郑篮扬墨师蜜咀MRI leture notesMRI leture notes 遂沙闺推瘴婿呀廊吴嘲寻汾繁漏主惋途伍筛捕蓉掷刮埋蹈斑苯蒲娶哀捷粒MRI lture notesMRI leture notes Spin in QM and Magnetic resonance imaging X-rays. EM wave with enough energy to kick electron off atom or molecule (“ionize”). Molecular damage. e X-ray Harmless Methods (if low power, just slight warming) MRI- uses radio waves, very low frequency/energy electromagnetic radiation. How many had an MRI? Low dose damage DNA? cancer Balance of risks 自帅坚蛹决岳具憋就屈阐摧崩搁喻躬俞僳可话野制伸渭僻宅山矗楼饼芦渴MRI leture notesMRI leture notes 爹站贺肚撵擂辉叁俄纬萎份嚷抠粗榆靡怒特锁书融赵抓据胳扬峻图条钢鉴MRI lture notesMRI leture notes MRI- like optical spectroscopy to selectively detect atoms, But uses radiofrequency transitions between quantum levels. What are these different quantum states? How can they be used to tell dif