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淀粉晶体结测定方法
The Determination Methods of Crystal Structures of Starch X-ray diffraction (XRD) XRD can provide relative quantity information of starch crystal area and amorphous area, and it can also provide starch grains microcrystalline structure information. Native starch granules show three forms of crystalline structures, referred to as the A, B, C type according to XRD, and vary in their crystallinity from 15 % to 45%. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) Principle of AFM Two decades have passed since the invention of AFM and AFM has been used to study starch structure for more than 10 years. Since AFM can only be used to scan the surface of granules, it can not detect or reflect the inner or ultra-structure and organizations of the starch granules. Thus it can only offer limited information and is mainly used in initial studies, such as the arrangement of starch granule crystal, the micro crystalline and the form of amorphous constitute nanometer structure. infrared spectroscopy (IR) 现代近红外光谱( Near Infrared, NIR) 傅立叶变换红外光谱( Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrocopy, FTIR) 衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(Attenuated Total Internal Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, ATR-FTIR) IR can reveal the structure of starch granula crystal by qualitative and quantitative analysis, and it also can reveal modified starch and replace group with qualitative and quantitative research. As a result , IR can detect molecular conformation and spiral structure and their change. Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance SSNMR can reflect crystalline structure of starch granule on the double helix structure level with quantitative analysis method. conclusion XRD, IR, AMF and SSNMR technology can be used to determine the starch granule crystal structure type, degree of crystallinity, three-dimensional distribution, relative content of double helix structure respectively. However, in order to solve the problem of starch crystal now, these methods sh
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