句子结构分析讲解.ppt

句子结构 简单句的五个基本句型 1.主语 ＋ 不及物动词 She came． 2.主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋宾语 She likes English. 3.主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋表语 She is happy． 4.主语 ＋ 双宾动词 ＋间接宾语 ＋直接宾语 She told me a story． She gave a book to me. 5.主语 ＋ 宾补动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补语 She makes her mother angry． The teacher asked me to read the passage. （ There +be There lies a book on the desk. ） 一、主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。 1.The sun rises in the east. 2.He likes dancing. 3.Twenty years is a short time in history. 4.Seeing is believing. 5.To see is to believe. 6.What he needs is a book. 7.It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. 二、谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 1.We study English. 2.He is asleep. 3. She was found singing in the next room. The baby is crying. 5.I can speak Japanese. 三、宾语： 1）动作的承受者-----动宾 1.I like China. 2.He hates you. 3.How many do you need? We need two. 4.I enjoy working with you. 5.I hope to see you again. 6.Did you write down what he said? 2） 介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? 3） 双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物） 1.He gave me a book yesterday. 2.Give the poor man some money. 四、表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 1.He is a teacher. 2.Seventy-four! You don’t look it. 3.Five and five is ten. 4.He is asleep. 5.His father is in. 6.The picture is on the wall. 7.My watch is gone / missing / lost. 8.To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. 9.The question is whether they will come. 常见的系动词有: be / sound（听起来）/ look（看起来）/ feel(摸起来）/smell（闻起来）/ taste（尝、吃起来） remain（保持，仍是）/ feel（感觉） ... 1.It sounds a good idea. 2.The sound sounds strange. 3.Her voice sounds sweet. 4.Tom looks thin. 5.The food smells delicious. 6.The food tastes good. 7.The door remains open. 8.Now I feel tired. 五、宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。 1.We think it a pity that she didn’t come. 2.We will make them hap