碳化氮-水滑石复合物的制备及光催化性能研究[精选].doc

毕业论文 题 目 碳化氮-水滑石复合物的制备 及光催化性能研究 学 院 材料科学与工程学院 专 业 材料科学与工程 学生姓名 学 号 指导教师 摘 要 LDHs是一类具有化学成分多变性、可以根据特定的功能来人工合成的阴离子型层状功能材料，具有良好的热稳定性及化学稳定性。g-C3N4 是一种易合成、经济性好的半导体材料，可以与LDHs 复合形成碳化氮-水滑石复合物。本文对水滑石及碳化氮-水滑石复合物的制备和性能（主要是光催化性能）进行研究。选用硝酸锌、硝酸铝、碳酸钠、氢氧化钠以及三聚氰胺为原料，按Zn/Al 摩尔比为3:1 制备出锌铝水滑石，通过三聚氰胺在高温下的自身缩聚来制备g-C3N4，然后用共沉淀法制备碳化氮-水滑石复合物。采用 XRD、SEM、UV -Vis 等手段对样品进行表征，发现复合物具有典型的水滑石的衍射峰，由于g-C3N4掺量过小，所以具有不明显的典型碳化氮的衍射峰。复合物表面疏松多孔、呈团絮状杂乱无章分布。 通过光催化实验对比复合前后样品及不同g-C3N4掺量的复合物的光催化活性，发现在5种样品中，g-C3N4掺量为5g时，其光催化性能最好。通过设置一系列浓度的亚甲基蓝 （MB） 溶液， 测定其对光催化的影响，发现 MB 溶液浓度不高于 20mg/l时，复合物的光催化效果都比较好。 关键词：层状双金属氢氧化物，碳化氮-水滑石复合物，光催化性能 ABSTRACT LDHs is a kind of anionic layered functional material which has many kinds of chemical components, which can be synthesized by the specific function, and has good thermal stability and chemical stability. g-C3N4 is a kind of material which is easy to be synthesized and economical, and can be combined with LDHs to form a compound of carbonization nitrogen and water. In this paper, the preparation and properties of the compound (mainly photocatalytic activity) were studied. Selection of zinc nitrate, aluminum nitrate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and melamine as raw material, according to the Zn / Al molar ratio is 3:1 of Zn Al hydrotalcite was prepared and g-c3n4 were prepared by melamine in high temperature self condensation, and then use carbon nitride hydrotalcite composite material prepared by coprecipitation.The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, UV-Vis and other means. The results showed that the compound has the typical diffraction peak of the water talc, and the g-C3N4 content is too small, so there is no obvious diffraction peak of typical. Loose surface composite porous, flocculent distribution is out of order. The photocatalytic activity of the co