汉英词义关.pptVIP

Semantic relationship between Chinese and English words and Diction in C-E Translation汉英词汇意义关系与词语的选择翻译 Part one 意义的分类classification of meaning 1. Leech Conceptual meaning Associative meaning social meaning emotive meaning reflected meaning collocative meaning thematic meaning 2 A denotative meaning (denotation ) 指称意义 conceptual meaning cognitive meaning referential meaning 阳光: sunshine 医生:doctor A word may have more than one denotative meanings (polysemy多义词): 英文中的develop B connotative meaning (connotation)蕴含意义（词语的情感意义和联想意义） 月亮 龙 松 Part two Semantic relationship between Chinese and English words P 43. 陈宏薇 1 词义相符semantic correspondence； 2 词义相异semantic non-correspondence ； 3 词义空缺semantic zero Translation is translating meaning. It is important to understand meaning in c-e translation Part three 词义相异semantic non-correspondence 汉英词汇意义有对等的一面。但是，在很多情况下，汉英词汇语义是不对等的,还可能有空缺。如“拳头产品”不能译成 fist product，而是knockout product 。因此，汉英翻译绝对不是根据源语词汇去查阅汉英词典并照搬词典释义。实际上，选词应该根据目标语的需要或语境而定。 1 大学生 酸奶 自来水 有线电视 扶贫 2 11月10日至13日的强降雪，使得即将上市的16万斤鲶鱼全被冻死，损失达40万元，夫妇俩一年的劳作付之东流。 a. Between Nov.10 and 13, a snowstorm froze to death 160thousand jin of catfish about to go to market, costing the couple 400 ￥ thousand; they gave a whole year of labor to the eastward river. b. Between Nov.10 and 13, a snowstorm froze to death 160thousand jin of catfish about to go to market, costing the couple 400 ￥ thousand; they gave a whole year of labor for nothing . 3 个人主义一害自己，二害工作，三害党的事业，历来是党和军队事业的大敌。 Individualism ,which firstly poisons oneself, secondly hinders work, and finally jeopardizes the Party’s cause, has always been a big threat to the cause of the Party and the army. Individualism -------self-centeredness, egocentricity. 4. 亚洲四小龙 Asia’ Four Tigers 2 搭配不对等问题 如1: 动宾搭配 做手术 做家务 犯错误 犯心脏病 犯罪 接受高等教育 接受西方的社会政治制度和价值观念 2 偏正搭配 险胜 熟睡 完全醒着 完全值得 3 一词多义 polysemy 例 ：1 在激烈的市场竞争中，公司的经营战略是：以质量求生存，以服务求信誉，以创新求发展， 以管理求效益。