2016届高考英语阅读理解之词义猜测.ppt

* Guessing meanings 根据上下文猜测生词的含义是考生必须掌握的一项重要阅读技能, 因此, 词义猜测题是高考阅读理解的必考题型。这类题包括猜测单词、短语、句子的意思和判断指代内容。 高考考点分布： 2 0 4 1 6 2 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 1 2 1 2 1 0 理解作者的意图、观点和态度 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 理解文章的基本结构 5 2 4 4 2 5 14 作出判断和推理 4 1 1 1 1 2 1 根据上下文推断生词的词义 3 10 7 13 13 9 4 理解文中具体信息 2 理解主旨和要义 1 2014 1 1 1 2 3 1 考题落实情况 考纲要求 1 0 2 2 7 3 2007 如何根据上下文判断词语的涵义这种题型常见的设题方式有： 1）The underlined word（phrase）in the passage means ____． 2）The word it（them）in the first paragraph refers to ____． 3）The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means ____． 4）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the second paragraph？ 分析题干能力 unconditional: 无条件的, 绝对的 adj. condition conditional 情况，条件 n. 有条件的 adj. unconditional: Group1 nonjudgmental: 没有判断力的 judge judgment judgmental 判断 v. 判断 n. adj. nonjudgmental: 归纳1： 根据构词法（合成、派生、转化）进行判断 英语中，有很多词可以在前面加前缀，后面加后缀，从而构成一个词，乍看起来，这个词可能是生词，但掌握了一定的构词法知识，就不难猜出它的词义。 superman microwave (超人) nonnatural mispronounce (非自然的) homeless nonsmoker (无家可归的) rebuild eastwards (重建) Can you guess the right meanings? (微波) (非烟民) (发错音) (向东) Group2 1.It will be very hard but also very brittle—— that is , it will break easily. 2.The purpose of the campaign was to catch “ringers”,students who take tests for other students. 脆的 冒名替考者 3. Anthropology is the scientific study of man. Anthropology means _________. 4. The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instrument for listening to patients’ heartbeat and breathing. 人类学 听诊器 规则2：根据上下文解释做出判断： 1．根据文中的定义、解释猜生词： 2．根据同位或解释关系： 3.根据并列同类关系: 猜词能力 逻辑词：be, be called, means, be defined as, that is（to say）,namely, in other words, ect 通过生词后的定语(定语从句或分词短语等)、表语、同位语、逗号、括号、破折号等的解释说明来推测其意思。 and, or，not only … but also 等并列的几个事物应属同类事物, 由此可推测其中一个的大概意思。 1.(广东2014D) However, ocean expert Curtis Ebbesmeyer does it in a special way -- by studying movement