Human Capital and Economic Development.pptx

Under-investment and Insufficient Geographical Distribution of Human InvestmentPresenter : 刘梦兰、李宇珺Draft Writer: 朱阳烨、张晨PPT Maker : 熊翘楚231Under-investmentGeographical DistributionConclusion about this partContentsDefinitionHuman CapitalA measure of the economic value of an employees skill set. Not all labor is equal and that the quality of employees can be improved by investing in them.?The education, experience and abilities of an employee have an economic value for employers and for the economy as a whole.Para. 11There is a low level of public support for education in most provinces. In addition, the existing funds are spent inefficiently. Para. 11Since schooling is mostly funded at the local level, rich provinces tend to produce more human capital per capita(按人头分配) than do poor province. Para. 11?The place of a person’s birth is one of the most important determinations of that person’s adult skill level. Para. 11This source of inequality is reinforced by ? the vestiges of houkou policy(遗留下来的户口政策) that charges children of interregional immigrants above normal fees that are as large as 10% of total family income just for the right to attend school.使这种不平等雪上加霜的是残存的户口政策，这种政策向跨区流动人员的子女征收超出已占家庭总收入的百分之十的正常学费。Para. 11? Resource constraints(资源限制) differentially affect access to schooling of individuals, especially in rural areas and in the west. Access to education is not uniform across regionsconstraint(n):A thing that limits or restricts sth. Or the freedom to do sth.Para. 12The regional variation in cross-section per pupil expenditure is enormous and the positive relationship with provincial GDP per capita is fairly clear and precisely estimated. in cross-section:横截面；从横向来看；典型的人或事positive relationship:成正比Para. 12The accident of birth place determines the quality of schooling received by student. ④Schooling finances are tied to the level of wealth in a region and regions spend different fractions of their GDP on education.教育的财力与地区的富裕水平相关，且各地投入教育的GDP的比例不同。Para. 12Para. 13