(2011中考词汇讲解八.docVIP

中考英语考纲词汇用法详解 (H) had better (do) 最好(做……)：You had better go back. 你还是回去的好。/ You’d better ask that policeman. 你最好问问那个警察。 【用法】had better后接动词原形，不接不定式或动名词等；其否定式通常应在better之后(而不是had之后)加not (但在否定疑问句或反意疑问句中可将not与had 连用)。如：You’d better have a rest.你最好休息一下。 / You’d better not go there. 你最好别去那。/ Hadn’t we better go now? 我们是不是现在就去呢? hair[heE] n. 头发：He had his hair cut. 他理了发。/ He cut my hair short. 他把我的头发剪短了。 half[hB:f] n. 半，一半：He cut the apple in two halves. 他把苹果切成两半。/ Half of them are boys. 他们中的一半是男孩子。/ One and a half months have passed (=A month and a half has passed). 已经过去了一个半月。 hand[hAnd] n. 手：He shook hands warmly with me. 他同我热情握手。/ Hands off! 请勿手摸! / Hold out your right hand. 把你的右手伸出来。 【短语】hand in 交上来：Hand in your applications, please. 请把申请书交上来。/ Each student has to hand in a composition once a week. 每个学生每周要交一篇作文。hand up 举手：Please hand up if you can answer the question. 如果你能回答这个问题请举手。 hang[hAN] v. 吊着，悬挂：A lamp hangs from the ceiling. 天花板上吊着一盏灯。/ I hung the washing in the garden yesterday. 昨天我把洗好的衣物挂在园子里。 【注意】 hang表示 “悬挂”时为不规则动词，过去式和过去分词是hung；表示“吊死”、“绞死”时为规则动词，过去式和过去分词是 hanged。 happen[5hApEn] v. (偶然)发生，碰巧：Something has happened to the train. 火车出事故了。/ I happened to see him this morning. 今天早上我碰巧看见了他。 【注意】happen是不及物动词，因此不能用于被动语态。 happily[5hApili] adv. 高兴地；幸运地：The children are smiling happily. 孩子们欢快地笑着。/ Happily, the accident was not serious. 幸好事故并不严重。 happy[5hApi] adj. 快乐的，幸福的：Happy New Year to you. 新年好。/ I am happy that you are here. 你在这儿我感到高兴。 hard[hB:d] adj. 坚硬的；困难的：The ice cream is as hard as a stone./ It’s easy to say things,but it’s hard to do then. 说事容易，做事难。/ This problem is too hard for me to solve. 这个问题太难，我解决不了。 【用法】表示“硬的”，与soft (软)相对；表示“困难的”，与difficult 同义，与easy (容易)相对。 hard-working[5hB:dwE:kiN] adj. 勤奋工作的，用功的：The Chinese people ara a hard-working people. 中华民族是一个勤劳的民族。 hardly[5hB:dli] adv. 几乎不：She hardly eats anything. 她几乎什么都不吃。/ They hardly ever spoke another word. 他们几乎没有再说一句话。 【注意】hardly一般是放在实义动词之前，特殊动词之后。如：The teacher spoke so quietly that we could hardly hear him.