供应链管理 战略计划和运作 英文课件.pptxVIP

1Understanding the Supply ChainLearning ObjectivesDiscuss the goal of a supply chain and explain the impact of supply chain decisions on the success of a firm. Identify the three key supply chain decision phases and explain the significance of each one. Describe the cycle and push/pull views of a supply chain. Classify the supply chain macro processes in a firm.What is a Supply Chain?All stages involved, directly or indirectly, in fulfilling a customer requestIncludes manufacturers, suppliers, transporters, warehouses, retailers, and customersWithin each company, the supply chain includes all functions involved in fulfilling a customer request (product development, marketing, operations, distribution, finance, customer service)What is a Supply Chain?Customer is an integral part of the supply chainIncludes movement of products from suppliers to manufacturers to distributors and information, funds, and products in both directionsMay be more accurate to use the term “supply network” or “supply web”Typical supply chain stages: customers, retailers, distributors, manufacturers, suppliersAll stages may not be present in all supply chains (e.g., no retailer or distributor for Dell)What is a Supply Chain?Figure 1-1Flows in a Supply ChainFigure 1-2The Objective of a Supply ChainMaximize overall value createdSupply Chain Surplus = Customer Value – Supply Chain CostThe Objective of a Supply ChainExample: a customer purchases something for $60 (revenue)Supply chain incurs costs (information, storage, transportation, components, assembly, etc.)Difference between $60 and the sum of all of these costs is the supply chain profitSupply chain profitability is total profit to be shared across all stages of the supply chainSuccess should be measured by total supply chain profitability, not profits at an individual stageImportance of Supply Chain DecisionsWal-Mart, $1 billion sales in 1980 to $408 billion in 2010Seven-Eleven Japan, ￥1 billion sales in 1974 to ￥3 trillion in 2009Dell, $