le chatelier’s principlein iron thiocyanate equilibrium（勒夏特列principlein硫氰酸铁平衡）.docVIP

Le Chatelier’s Principle in Iron Thiocyanate Equilibrium Renee Y. Becker Manatee Community College Introduction Chemical equilibrium exists when two opposing reactions occur simultaneously at the same rate. Changes in experimental conditions such as concentration, pressure, volume, and temperature disturb the balance and shift the equilibrium position so that more or less of the desired product is formed. Le Chatelier’s Principle predicts the direction in which the equilibrium will shift. Le Chatelier’s Principle states that a system at equilibrium responds in the way that tends to relieve or “undo” any stress placed on it. In this case the changes in experimental conditions are the stress. (1) 2 NOCl(g) ( 2 NO(g) + Cl2(g) (H = 75 kJ/mol In the above Equation 1 at equilibrium, if NOCl is added to the system, or if NO or Cl2 is removed the equilibrium will shift to the right, to the products. If more NO or Cl2 is added or NOCl is removed the equilibrium will shift to the left, to the reactant. If the pressure is increased by decreasing the volume the equilibrium will shift to the left, to the reactant. There are 3 moles of gas on the product side and only 2 moles of gas on the reactant side. An increase in pressure by a decrease in volume will make the equilibrium shift to the side with less moles of gas. If the mixture is heated, since it is an endothermic reaction ((H = +), the system will shift to the right to consume the added energy. Endothermic reactions consume energy in the forward direction and exothermic reactions consume energy in the reverse direction. In this experiment you will prepare an equilibrium system for the following reaction, Equation 2, (2) Fe3+(aq) + SCN-(aq) ( FeSCN2+(aq) and study the response of this system to various stresses and explain these results with respect to Le Chatelier’s Principle. Procedure Obtain 250 mL DI H2O, 1 mL 1M KSCN, and 1 mL 1M Fe(NO3)3 in a clean, labeled 400 mL b