英美文化结课小论文.doc

文化和艺术 什么是文化，文化是相对于经济政治而言的人类全部精神活动及其产品。它包括艺术、文学、科学、教育，笼统的来说文化的意思是指人类在社会历史发展过程中所创造的物质财富和精神财富的总和，特指精神财富。 What is cultureulture is all human mental activity and its products, relative to economic and political. It includes art, literature, science, education. In general, it means the sum of the material and spiritual wealth especially spiritual wealth created in the process of development of human society. 什么是艺术，艺术用形象来反映现实但比现实有典型性的社会意识形态，包括文学、绘画、雕塑、建筑、音乐、舞蹈、戏剧、电影、曲艺等可以表达美的行为或事物其实文学在某种程度上可以归类到艺术，艺术的概念非常宽泛，例如几何作为一种数学科目也可以归类到其中。艺术一种文化现象，大多为满足主观与情感的需求，亦是日常生活进行娱乐的特殊方式。其根本在于不断创造新兴之美，借此宣泄内心的欲望与情绪，属浓缩化和夸张化的生活。 What is artrt reflects reality, and the social ideology which is more typical than reality, with images. It includes literature, painting, sculpture, architecture, music, dance, theater, film, opera, etc., which express beauty. In fact, literary can be classified into the arts to some extent. Artistic concept is so broad that geometry as a mathematical subjects can be classified into it. As a cultural phenomenon, art mostly meets the subjective and emotional needs as special way of having daily entertainment. The fundamental is constantly creating new beauty, showing deep desire and emotion. So art is concentrated and exaggerated life. 艺术与文化的关系，艺术与文化的发展是统一的，艺术是文化的重要内涵与组成部分，而文化是艺术的渊源与内容。现代通过文化来批评艺术和通过艺术来批评文化成为艺术与文化共同发展的重要表现形式。文化和艺术互相影响，一个时代的艺术发展，通常和那个时代的文化，政治大背景脱离不了关系。艺术是它所属的文化的反映和代表，艺术起到了‘文化自然意识’的作用，可知艺术和文化的关系是表现和被表现的关系，归属和被归属的关系。 The relationship between art and culturein the following aspects. Art and cultural development is uniform, because art is the meaning and an important part of culture and culture being the origin and content of art. By criticizing modern art through culture and culture through art has become an important form that art and culture achieve common development. Art and culture influence each other that artistic development of an era is usually related with the cultural and political background of that era. Art is a reflection and representation of c