选修7--unit5语法--定语从句讲解.pptVIP

1. 定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从 句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在 它所修饰的先行词之后。 2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3. 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 ?? ?? ??关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as；关系副词有when, where, why。?????? 关系词通常有下列三个作用： A. 引导定语从句 B. 代替先行词 C. 在定语从句中担当一个成分 限制性定语从句(restrictive) 非限制性定语从句( non-restrictive） 一、 非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引 导。 1. I like the book, which was bought yesterday. 我喜欢这本书，这是昨天买的。 2. I like the book which / that was bought yesterday. 我喜欢昨天买的那本书。 二、 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导 要用for which代替why。 1. I had told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting. 我已经把理由告诉了他们，为此我没有 去开会。 2. I had told them the reason why I didnt attend the meeting. 我告诉了他们我不去开会的理由。 (限制性定语从句“the reason why...”是常见搭配。) 三、 非限制性定语从句置于句首时，不能用which引导。关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句位置比较灵活，可以放主句前，也可以放主句后。 1. As I expected, he didnt believe me. 正如我所预料的，他不相信我。 2. She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth. 她听到一个可怕的声音，这让她把心 都提到嗓子眼了。 四、 非限制性定语从句由“介词+关系代词”引导时，其中的关系代词不能用as。 1. He bought the car for more than $20,000, with which his father was angry. 他花两万多美元买了这辆车，他父亲对 此很生气。 2. I finished my work ahead of time, after which I sat some time reading the newspaper. 我提前干完了我的活，随后我坐着看了 会儿报纸。 五、 在非限制性定语从句中，指人的关系代词作宾语时，只能用宾格whom; 不能用who替换，也不能省略。 1. Do you know Tom, whom we talked about? 你认识汤姆吗? 我们谈到过他。 2. This book, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you all the information you need. 这本书会给你提供所有你需要的资料，它在任何一家书店都能买到。 (非限制性定语从句中引导词在从句中作宾语，无论指人还是指物都不能省略。) 六、Which可指前面整个句子。 The sun sends out light and heat, which makes it possible for living things to exist on the earth. 太阳发出光和热，这使得生物能够在地球 上生存。 His father is an engineer, ____ makes him very proud. A. for what 　　 B. which 　　 C. that 　　　　　　D. what 1. Yesterday Mr. Li finally bought his own house, _______ is a hospital. A. in where B. to the east of which C. to the east of it D. in the east o