形容词和副词的比较级及最高级、绪论.ppt

形容词和副词及其比较等级、否定句、省略句 形容词和副词及其比较等级 知识点: 形容词的句法功能及其在句中的位置 副词的句法功能及其在句中的位置 形容词和副词比较级、最高级的变化规则 形容词和副词比较级、最高级的用法 比较等级的一些特殊用法及固定句型　 形容词的句法功能 1. 在句中作定语： E.g. The young man likes singing very much. 2. 在句中作表语： E.g. The story was very interesting. 3. 在句中作补： E.g. I can’t drink it hot（宾补)这东西热得我不能喝 the room was found empty.(主补） 4. 在句中作状语： 　E.g. At last he got home, tired and hungry. 5. 可用作副词，修饰另一形容词 　E.g. Dark red / dead tired/ wide open 6. 名词化的形容词： E.g. the beautiful can never die. 形容词的位置 1. 形容词作定语，一般放在被修饰的名词之前。 2. 后置：　 表语形容词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后。 E.g. This is the only book available. 当被修饰的词是以some, any, every, no 等和别的词构成的不定代词时，形容词要后置。 E.g. I have never met someone famous. 当形容词后面有不定式短语或介词短语时须后置。 　E.g. He came in to the office, full of fear. a man so difficult to please must be hard to work with. 前置形容词排列顺序 多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时，这些形容词的词序不能随意排列，需遵循一定的规则：限定词（冠词／物主/指示／不定代词)+序数词／基数词＋描绘性形容词（大小／形状／新旧/年龄)＋表示颜色的形容词＋表示国籍、出处或来源的形容词＋表示材料、物质的形容词＋表示用途或类别的形容词。 E.g. a pretty purple silk dress a tall intelligent young Chinese officer Mary has just bought herself ____ dress. a cotton, blue, expensive a blue expensive, cotton an expensive, blue, cotton a cotton, expensive, blue If the taxi arrives ___, we shall miss our flight. lately late lateness more later Of+名词 “Of+名词” 相当于一个形容词，在句中可充当 表语。 E.g. He is of help to our project. He is ______ to speak the truth. too much of a coward so much a coward too much a coward so much of a coward 副词的句法功能 副词是表示行为或状态特征的词，修饰动词，形容词，副词和全句。主要作状语，也可以定语、表语、宾语补足语。例： The girl made a very careful answer. The boy threw the ball quickly. Nearly five hundred people were present at the meeting. Obviously he knew nothing about me. The meeting today is very important. What’s on this evening? We saw them off at the station yesterday. 副词的位置 1. 表示确定的时间副词、地点副词和一些方式副词一般放在句末。 　E.g. He closed the window quietly. 2. 频度副词一般放在行为动词前，助动词、系动词和情态动词后。 E.g. He always gets up at 6. She is always complaining the food in the cante