新第一册L1--73的词组搭配要素.doc

变否定句规则?? ? ?变否定句规则 一、一般现在时变否定句的规则. ????????????????? (a) 含有 am is are 的句子,变否定句时, ???????????????????? ?? 只需在am is are 后加not. ???????????????????????????? ?例1 This is a book. ?????????????????????????????????? ?否定句 This is not a book . ????????????????????????????? 例2 I am a teacher . ???????????????????????????????? ?? 否定句I am not a teacher . ?????????????????????????? ?? 例3 These are pens . ????????????????????????????????? 否定句These are not pens . ?????????????????(b) 含有实义动词的句子，变否定句分两步。 ?????????????????? ?（1）如果主语是第三人称单数时，要在实义动词前加doesnt,后面的动词用原形。 ????????????????????? ???? ? 例1 He eats an apple. ???????????????????????????????? ?? 否定句 He doesnt eat an apple.? ????????????????????? ????? ?例2 Jim does his homework. ????????????????????????????????? ?否定句 Jim doesnt do his homework. ????????????????? ??? ????? ?例3 Marry goes to school. ?????????????????????????????? ?? 否定句Marry doesnt go to school. ???? ?????????? ???(2) 如果主语不是第三人称单数时，只需在实义动词前加dont. ?????????????????????????? 例1 I teach English. ??????????????????????????????? 否定句 I dont teach English. ?????????????????????????? 例2 They go to school. ????????????????????????????? ? 否定句 They dont go to school.? ??????????????????????? ?? 例3 We sing a song. 否定句 We dont sing a song. ???????????(c) 含有情态动词的句子,变否定句时,只需在情态动词后加not. ????????????????????????? 例1 I can dance. ??????????????????????????????? 否定句 I can not dance. ?????????????????????????????????或 I cant dance.? ????????????????????????? 例2 They can speak English. ??????????????????????????????? 否定句? They can not speak English. ??????????????????????????????? 或 They cant speak English. ??????????????????????? 例3 He must go home.? ????????????????????????????? 否定句? He must not go home. ????????????????????????????? ?或 He mustnt go home. ?????????????????????? 例4 He? must? be? on? the? playground. ???????????????????????? ??? He can? not be on? the? playground. ?????????????????????????? ?析：当must? be用来表示推测，有“一定”的含义时， ??????????????????????