漫谈写作的提高和与课本的结合.docVIP

漫谈写作的提高和与课本的结合 写作，无论是中文还是英文，都是一个人文学修养和个人观点的综合体现。还记得当初对老师评价笔者的作文——买椟还珠（即空有华丽外表而内在的分析论述不够严谨）。所以，在此笔者就不谈如何提高作文的内涵，因为这也是笔者亟待提高之处。但是，对于应试作文，尤其是批改不超过2分钟的作文来说，华丽的外表起到至关重要的作用。因为，考官们不可能在很短时间内深究作者是否思维紧密，逻辑清晰。相反，好的句型和一些课本中的“高级”词汇却能使考官眼前一亮，使考官精神为之一振。 所以，笔者今天着重与大家漫谈如何利用课本和一些写作“微训练”来提高写作能力。 纵观高考的作文类型（即basic writing:基础写作，又译作小作文，task-based?writing:读写任务，又译作大作文），我们不难发现高考英语作文不外乎就是考我们三样东西：缩写能力——各项语法规则的运用+提炼核心信息/举例论述能力——细节描写和发表议论/句型的运用与表达。笔者认为，小作文虽然只写五句话，但是只要三个必要的语法规则（即非谓语/定语从句/名词性从句）掌握了，应该就不难在有限的句子内将所有必要的信息表达完整。而想在小作文里面要拿高分，我们应该注意的是闪光的词。下面，我们就用必修一第五单元的节选课文为例子，讲解如何结合课本来提高基础写作。 Elias’s story 1. My name is Elias. I am a poor black worker in South Africa. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. I was twenty years old. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful. I needed his help because I had very little education. （I began school at six. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away. I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare. I could not read or write well）. After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine. However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. Sadly I did not have it because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work. 2. The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. He told me how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg. I became more hopeful about my future. I never forgot how kind Mandela was. 在“W+H”的原则下找到六个必要的信息点，然后我们就开始用上述的语法规则组织文章。看看下面笔者写的一篇basic writing的范例: Suitable abbreviation: Elias, an improvised black worker in South Africa, initially met Nelson Mandela at the age of twenty in 1952, which was a rather tough moment throughout his life time. Because of limited education, which caused his lack