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- 2017-02-01 发布于北京
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综述
中文名称 定语从句 / 形容词性从句 英文名称 Attributive Clauses 定义 在复合句中,用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句。被定语从句修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。关系词起连接作用,同时又在定语从句中充当句子成分。 限定性定语从句;非限定性定语从句; 链接 名师点拨
先行词
中文名称 先行词 英文名称 The antecedent 定义 顾名思义,在定语从句(及其引导词)的前面,被定语从句修饰的词就叫先行词。先行词常由名词、名词词组或代词充当。 举例 This is the dog ( that) you bought two years ago. (the dog是先行词。)
The book I read last night is very interesting. (The book是先行词。) 关系代词
?
中文名称 关系代词 英文名称 Relative pronouns 定义 关系代词是关系词的一种。引出定语从句的代词,叫关系代词。关系代词通常出现在先行词和定语从句之间,起连接的作用,同时又在定语从句中充当句子成分,有些情况可省略。 例词 that, which, who, whom, whose等。 关系代词引导的限定性定语从句;关系代词引导的非限定性定语从句 关系词 先行词 从句成分 例句 备注 关系代词 who 人 主语 Do you know the who is talking with your teacher? whom, which和that在从句中宾语时,常可以省略,但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略,也不可以用that whom 人 宾语 Mr. i高考资源网s the person with whom I am working. whose 人,物 定语 I like those books whose topics are about .
The boy whose father works abroad is my classmate. that 人,物 主语宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly.
is the star (that) I want to see very much. which 物 主语宾语 The b (which) I gave you was worth $30.
The picture which was about the earthquake was terrible. as 人,物 主语宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of us.
This is the same as I lost yesterday. as作宾语一般不省略 1.?关系代词which和that 的区别
that既可代表事物也可代表人,which只代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略代词,which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。
下列情况下,只用关系代词which。
在关系词前面有介词或逗号后面是非限定性定语从句时必用关系代词which,其余大多用万能的关系代词that。
记忆口诀:in which,(逗号) which;
??????????? 其余都用万能的that。
例如:
This is the classroom in which she learns to play soccer.?
(在关系词前面有介词in,只能用which)
??????????????????? in which= where
She broke the window, which was a pity.? (逗号后面是非限定性定语从句,只能用which)
?Which修饰和补充说明前面整个句子,指她打碎窗户这件事。
?
注意:含有介词的动词短语look for, look after, take care of等一般不拆开使用。
例如:
?This is the dog which/that I am looking for. (这里for不能提前)
This is the house that/which she is looking for. (这里for不能提前)
下列情况下,只用万能的关系代词that。
? (记忆联想:无论是第一还是最后,最高还是最低,拿不定,怕重复时,就用万能的that。)
A. 先行词是序数词、the last、the only或被它
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