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- 2017-02-01 发布于江苏
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英精典课件语习语
英语习语专题讲解 英汉二个民族的宗教信仰是不同的 God helps those who help themselves. Man proposes, God disposes. 英语国家大都信仰基督教,而汉语民族信仰 佛教较多如:借花献佛;平时不烧香,临时抱佛脚;逢凶化吉;功德圆满等。 生活习惯不同:英汉民族在对待动物的态度上不同。英语民族喜欢狗,有许多习语与此相关:to help a lame dog over a stile (助人于危难)love me ,love my dog(爱屋及乌),to be top dog(居于高位), every dog has his day(凡人皆有得意日)A good dog deserves a good bone.(有功者受赏) 英汉民族的历史文化和传统存在差异。 英语中的典故多以圣经和希腊罗马神话为蓝本,比如a Pandora’s box(潘多拉的盒子), Trojan horse(特洛伊的木马,内奸), Achilles’s heel(唯一的致命弱点) 汉语中的典故多来自汉文化中的儒,道,佛等思想的积淀。比如:佛要金装,人要衣装;四大皆空;己所不欲勿施于人;僧多粥少;魔高一尺,道高一丈; a fly in the ointment 美中不足;使人扫兴的小事 Dead flies cause the ointment of the apothecary to send forth a stinking savor: so doth a little folly him that is in reputation for wisdom and honor. Ecclesiastes 10:1 死苍蝇使作香的膏油发出臭气。这样,一点愚昧,也能败坏智慧和尊荣。(《圣经》10章第一节) I find the house wonderful, but there is a fly in the ointment ---it is too far from the town. We had a lot of fun at the beach; the only fly in the ointment was George’s cutting his foot on a piece of glass. Your new job sounds too good to be true---interesting work, high pay, short hours. Isn’t there any fly in the ointment? 英汉二个民族生活居住的环境也是造成差异的重要原因。 英国地处西半球,北温带,海洋性气候,春天吹西风,因此《西风颂》。二汉民族生活在东半球的亚洲大陆,东风预示着春天的到来,常有东风送暖,东风压倒西风。英国是岛国,人们生活离不开水,常用俗语to spend money like water; all at sea;而汉民族生活在陆地生活繁衍,离不开土地,表达同样意思的时候常有这样的说法:“挥金如土”,“不知所措”。 谚语翻译 (一)对等套用 Man proposes, God disposes. A good conscience is a soft pillow. Do as you would be done. One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy. 谋事在人,成事在天。 不做亏心事,不怕鬼敲门。 己所不欲,勿施于人。 一个和尚挑水喝,二个和尚抬水喝,三个和尚没水喝。 Good for good is natural, good for evil is manly. Many things grow in the garden that were never sown there. False friends are worse than bitter enemies. Fools learn nothing from wise men, but wise men learn much from fools. 以德报德是常理,以德报怨大丈夫。 有心栽花花不开,无心插柳柳成荫。 明枪易躲,暗箭难防。 愚者不学无术,智者不耻下问。 (二)直译完善法 所谓直译完善就是根据英语谚语德字面意思直接转译成汉语,为了符合汉语的表达习惯进行必要的补充或者简约----统称完善,这里的补充或者简约包括词或者词组意义的补充或者简约,也包括符合汉语谚语形式的补充或者简约,也包括符合汉语形
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