花园城市理论-英文全解.ppt

* * School of Environment and Planning 01 Background 02 The thoery of Garden city 03 The comment of Garden city 04 Conclusion Content Ⅰ.Background In 1898, social reformer Ebenezer Howard promulgated a scheme to build new towns rather than add population to the already large cities, called the garden city plan. Sir Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928) A nineteenth century British social reformer Inspired by the utopian novel Looking Backward and Henry Georges work Progress and Poverty, Howard published his book To-morrow: a Peaceful Path to Real Reform in 1898 (which was reissued in 1902 as Garden Cities of To-morrow). Ⅱ.The theory of Garden City The garden city movement is a method of urban planning that was initiated by Sir Ebenezer Howard in the United Kingdom. Garden cities were intended to be planned, self-contained communities surrounded by greenbelts, containing proportionate areas of residences, industry, and agriculture. Be interconnected through a mass transit system Divided by green belts Served by integrated traffic systems Howards maps are clearly diagrammatic and intended as flexible frameworks, adjustable to particular sites, within which individual taste and preference could be given free expression, especially in architecture and design. Town School opportunity Place of amusement better job Closing out of nature Crowded dwellings Pollution High living cost Country Beauty of nature Isolation of crowds No pollution Lack social opportunity Lack of places of amusement less job opportunity Low salary * *