三坐标数控磨床毕业论文.doc

中文摘要 本次设计为三坐标数控磨床，该机床能通过三轴联动，实现曲线直线等不同的加工路线，同时可以通过更换砂轮来加工不同的型腔和轮廓提高其表面质量。另外该机床也能够对其它一些工具零件进行表面加工。 所设计的三坐标数控磨床，磨头与立柱之间用鼠齿器相连，可以改变主轴与工作台的角度。三个坐标方向的移动均由交流伺服电机带动丝杠驱动，所选用的联轴器为十字滑块联轴器，工作台选用双推与双推轴承组成两端固定支承，达到所要求的高精度。三个方向通过速度反馈和位置反馈实现闭环系统。主轴电机采用交流电机，由变频器对其进行无级调速。所有电机均有单片机进行控制。 此设计主要对数控磨床的机构进行设计，了解单片机的工作原理，主要有以下几个方面：X、Y工作台的传动机构设计，主要是滚珠丝杠的运用；伺服系统应用开环控制，了解它的工作原理；机床整体结构的设计，了解优缺点，充分考虑主要矛盾，择优选取；数控装置的设计，了解其控制原理。 设计中充分考虑经济性、工艺性、适用性等要求，选择最好的方案，以达到最佳的效果。 关键词：数控 三坐标 铣床 英文摘要 This design is for tri-coordinate numerical control grinding machine .This machine tool can work along the curve and straight line through co-operation of three axles .By changing the abrasive wheel it can also process different type and outline .And thus improve the quality of its surface .Furthermore, this machine tool can handle the face-improving process of other tools and components . The tri-coordinate NC curved surface grinding machine work head is connected with stand post by means of a mouse-tooth device .It can change the angle between the main axle and work desk. The motion of tri-coordinate direction is urged by DC. The work desk is fixed at both ends, thus it can reach the high accuracy .Three coordinate direction move and urge by direct current serve electrical machinery and realize half close ring system through speed feedback and position feedback. Main shaft adopt and exchange electrical machinery by electrical machinery ,go on step speed regulation to their by converter. All electrical machineries are controlled by the one-chip computer. In this way the product produced are with high quality we mainly design the structure of the numerically controlled milling machine, and find out control prnciple of single tool machine: The design of the transmission structure of X、Y worktable .Mainly the application of boll beany; Assiting system with the control of open-loop system and its working prinples; The design of the whole machine structure and it advantages and dis