pdc钻头水力优化研究与应用毕业设计.doc

北京化工大学 硕士学位论文 PDC钻头水力优化研究与应用 姓名：张利 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：机械工程 指导教师：王奎升;朱明会  PDC钻头水力优化研究与应用 摘要 为了适应当今迅猛发展的钻井行业需要，国内外PDC钻头设计和 制造技术正向着性能不断完善、综合指标不断提高的方向发展。水力 因素对PDC钻头性能的影响是巨大的，钻井液在石油钻井中起着携带 岩屑、清洗井底、冷却和润滑钻头、辅助破岩等多种关键功能作用。 本文针对公司内PDC钻头产品的水力优化进行分析与研究，主要开展 以下几个方面工作： (1)通过文献调研，连接国内外有关流场描述方法，确立采用理 论分析与现场实验研究相结合的水力优化方法。 (2)通过分析喷嘴水力特性以及其选用原则，计算PDC钻头压力 降、喷嘴直径、喷嘴位置及其布置方式，即喷嘴内部结构分析。确定 水力结构中喷嘴法向角、喷嘴数量、安放位置、喷嘴角。 (3)本文正确选择水力参数，以减少甚至克服钻头泥包，增强冷 却清洗效果，为如何评价PDC钻头水力清洗效果提出一种定量化标准。 (4)根据经验公式和现场实验数据，利用delphi6．0配合 Excel2000／XP对PDC钻头水力系统进行编程分析，编制一套实用的现 代钻头水眼设计软件。并对这套PDC钻头水眼设计程序做一简要介绍。 总之，针对目前PDC钻头水力研究中存在的问题，本文从水力结 构和水力参数两个方面进行研究。利用水力结构中喷嘴参数设计和喷 嘴流线型设计对PDC钻头进行优化，为全面合理地设计PDC钻头提供 有力保障。  关键词：PDC钻头，水力结构，水力参数，水力优化，流场模拟  THE STUDY AND APPLICATIoN oN HYDRODYNAMIC oPTIMIZATIoN oFPDC BIT ABSTRACT Today,in order to meet the need of rapid development of well drilling industry,the design and manufacturing technique of native and overseas PDC bit factories ale continuously taking pains to improve the mechanical capability of their products．The effect of hydrodynamic factor to general technical target of PDC bits is enormous； drilling slurry has several pivotal and multifunctional functions，such as schlepping rock oddment，cleaning well boRom，cooling or lubricating bit and auxiliarily fragmentizing rock,and SO on．During the study course in allusion to hydrodynamic optimization of PDC bit，a sort of petroleum mechanical product in Our company,this paper mainly develops several aspects ofthe PDC bit as follows． (1)On the basis of the contrast between domestic and foreign study on hydrodynamic investigative technique and abundant data correlative to this paper consulted on native and overseas database，this paper ulteriody establishes PDC bit hydrodynamic optimization technique adopting the combination of theoretic analysis and experimentation in the drilling f