(第一讲)虚拟语气情态动词选编.doc

课目的与考点分析 虚拟语气与情态动词 教学内容： 表示与事实情况相反 条件从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 表示过去情况 过去完成式(had +done Would / could / might / should (用于第1人称) +have done 表示现在情况 Were Ved 1/4情态动词+V原 表示将来情况 ①should + do ②were to do 1/4个情态动词 + do 虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反，或不可能发生的情况。 一．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 1. 表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）主句用：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。 If we had time now, we would read it again. If I were you, I would work hard. 2. 表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：had+过去分词；主句：would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词。 If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the test. If I had known your telephone number then, I would have called you. 3. 表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：①一般过去时②should +动词原形③were to+动词原形；主句：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。 If it should rain, the crops would be saved. If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out. P.S 虚拟条件句的特殊情况 (1)混合/错综型虚拟语气 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为‘错综条件句’，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。 If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.(从句说的是过去，主句是现在) If I were you, I would have taken his advice.(从句是现在，主句是过去) ()省略if的虚拟语气 如果从句中含有were/ should/ had时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if.采用倒装语序。 If it should happen, what would you do? Should it happen, what would you do? If he had recognized me, he would have come over. Had he recognized me, he would have come over. (3)含蓄虚拟条件句 有时候假设的情况不以if引导的条件从句形式表现出来，而是通过一个介词短语，连词或其他形式表示。常用的词或短语有：without, with, but for(要是没有), otherwise, or, but等。 Without your help(=If we had not had your help), we could not have succeeded. But for electricity(=If there were no electricity, there would be no modern industry. He felt very tired yesterday, or/ otherwise he would have attended the party. (4)在if it were( had been )not for ….句型中的虚拟语气 虚拟语气也常用于‘if it were/(had been) not for ….’句型中，意为‘要不是由于…’。 If it were not for peace, we could not be living a happy life today. If it had not been for your timely help, I would have gone bankrupt. 二虚拟语气用在名词性从句中 1.主语从句中的虚拟语气 这种虚拟语气主要用在it is+形容词（名词，过去分词）+that+主语+should+动词原形（should可以省略）这种结构中。 常见的这类形容词有：advisab