Day6语音(简版)范例.ppt

Day 5语音（重音语调） ---Vickey宋伟奇 Suprasegmentals Sound contrasts that extend over several segments (phonemes音素) Suprasegmental features: [,sju:pr?seɡment?l] 超音段/位特征 stress, intonation Stress Stress is the pronunciation of a word or syllable with more force力度/prominence突出；显著 than the surrounding words or syllables. This prominence is considered to ba caused by aditional breath force气流力度 or muscular action肌肉运动, or length长度, or a change in pitch音高变化. Stressed syllables more prominent than unstressed syllables usually due to an increase in loudness, length or pitch. strong syllables强 long have a pitch change (higher高) have full/clear vowel sounds (louder亮) syllable1 syllable2 syllable3 short long short [b?nɑ:n?] Word stress Three levels of stress in English words: primary/main stress 主要重音 secondary stress 次要重音 (zero) stress (零)重音 present [preznt] / present [prizent] shift of stress：重音转移 popular/popularity vegetable/vegetarian [ved??te?r??n]素食者；食草动物 music/musician organise/organisation Sentence stress Sentence stress is often used to express which part of the sentence is in focus焦点, or which word should receive special emphasis强调. I want two return tickets to London. I want two return tickets to London. I want two return tickets to London. Three levels of stress in English sentences: strong stress (focus words) 强重音 stress(content words) 重音 unstressed words (function words) 非重音 Intonation Intonation refers to the total pattern of pitch changes, i.e., the rising and falling of the voice. Intonation is often described as the music of speech—the way the voice goes up and down as we speak.我们说话时声音的高低起伏变化 1 Basic intonation patterns: 2 Functions of intonation Basic intonation patterns Falling; rising; falling-rising; level （1）降调 以↘表示 （2）升调 以↗表示 （3）降升 以↘↗表示 （4）平调 以→表示 英