仪器分析Chapter.pptVIP

Chapter 7Gas Chromatograph 7.1 Introduction to Interphase Separations Interphase Separations 2. Classification of ChromatographyInstrumentation By the types of mobile phase stationary phase Gas - Liquid GLC Gas - Solid GSC Liquid - Liquid LLC Liquid - Solid LSC By stationary’s forms Column Paper thin layer 3. Typical GCS Progresses 7.2 Principle of GC 1. The Interphase Partition of One Substance 3. Export Curve Equation Export Curve Equation (Gauss distribution) 4.Van Deemter Equation u: velocity of the carrier gas A, B and C are the constants for a given system 7.3 Separation of Components Separation for tow components (1)Resolution R 7.4 GC Instrument 3. Column System (1)Capillary GC Columns 4. Detector(1) Two Kinds of Detectors Thermal conductivity detector (TCD) (2) Behavior of Detector Sensitivity b) For mass types Minimum detect quantity Q0 7.5 Qualitative analysis Comparison with pure maters Work as a part of analysis system GC-IR GC-MS 3. Retention Index 7.6 Quantitative analysis Quantitative Equation For same detector, different substance have different response sensitivity. 3. Normalization Methods Assume the zones of every substance mj in sample have obtained, so: 4. Internal standard Methods Use a internal standard sample its mass is a constant known as ms and its zone area is As Detect limit N: noise of detector(mV) A: area of the signal 7-31 7-32 7-33 Response time Linear response range For mass: For concentration: 7-34 7-35 7-36 Is called as Quantitative correction factor The equation Is Quantitative Equation. 7-37 7-38 2. Determination of zone area (1) By calculation (2) Numerical integral by computer (3) By instrumental integral 7-39 * Mixed Substances Stationary Phase Mobile Phase Separated Components By separation mechanism absorption partition exchange Carrier gas Column Injector Sample Detector Chromatogram C(m) C(s) (1) Partition Coefficient K 7-1