高考英语阅读理解推理题课题.ppt

推理判断题 (2013·湖南卷B篇) … In September, 1940, my mother, sister and I went to Swansea, where my fathers ship was getting ready to sail, we brought him a family photograph to be kept with him at all times and keep him safe. … 61. We can infer that the mother and children went to Swansea ______. A. to meet a friend B. to see the father off C. to take a family photo D. to enjoy the sailing of the ship 思路点拨：B　推理判断题。Swansea定位，讲到父亲会从Swansea起航，我们带给他family photograph的目的是be kept with him和keep him safe，推断出我们是去给父亲送行。 英语阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意，这就是判断推理题。 推理题在提问中常用的词有： infer, imply, suggest, indicate等。 通过定义、定语从句/词组或同位语从句/词组等来确定词义。 1. 直接定义：如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义，理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。 如： In slang the term jam constitutes a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation. 根据上下文的定义可知jam一词在俚语中的意思是 “困境”。 定义句的谓语动词多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define, represent等。 细节推断题 要求学生根据语篇关系，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件、具体信息等。判断推理是一种创造性的思维活动。但它并非无章可循。 推理判断题要在阅读理解整体语篇的基础上，掌握文章的真正内涵。①要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础；②要对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表入里，由浅入深，从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合、判断等，进行深层处理，符合逻辑地推理。③要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。立足已知，推断未知。 例: (2011·江苏卷B篇) Your National Park watchdog Attractions Do you： ◆Love the National Park，value it and hope to safeguard its future? ◆Wish to see the beautiful landscape of the Park protected? ◆Like to enjoy peaceful，informal recreation within the Park? Aims The Friends organization aims are to help protect and improve the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park for all to enjoy.We are a voluntary organization and registered charity without financial links to the National Park Authority. Activities We encourage everyone to enjoy the National Park through regular talks and visits to interesting places in the Park with expert guides.