现在完成时详解及练习题.docx

现在完成时适用学科初中英语适用年级初中二年级适用区域江苏课时时长（分钟）120知识点一般现在完成时：S+have/has+done+其他成分学习目标掌握现完成时的结构和用法能够应用现在完成时进行解题加深对英语时态的了解和对英语的认识学习重点掌握现完成时的结构和用法学习难点现在完成时与一般过去时的区别学习过程一、复习一般过去时二、知识讲解考点1---完成时结构 1.构成：S+have/has+V(过去分词+其他成分 助动词have 有人称和数的变化，第三人称单数用has，其余用have.否定式疑问式I have not (haven’t) studied….Have I studied…?You have not (haven’t) studied….Have you studied…?He has not (hasn’t) studied….Has he studied…?否定疑问式简单回答（肯定/否定）Have I not (Haven’t I) studied…?Yes, you have. No, you haven’t.Have you not (Haven’t you) studied…?Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.Has he not (Hasn’t he) studied…?Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t. 2.动词过去分词的规则变化 大多数动词+edVisit-visitedRepair-repaired以e结尾的动词+dChange-changed以辅音字母+y结尾-y+edCarry-carried Try-tried单音节闭音节词双写辅音字母+edstopped 3.动词过去分词的不规则变化不变形Come-come hurt--hurt hit--hit put-put改变元音字母Hold-held win-won meet-met改变辅音字母Lend-lent build-built make-made改变元音和辅音字母Catch-caught keep-kept forget-forgottenTell-told think-tought teach-tought sell-sold其他Be-been have-had fall-fallen see--seenDraw-drawn fly-flown give-given go--gone考点2---用法1.常表示发生在过去，并且持续到现在，有可能继续持续下去的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。 We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。She has been with us since Monday.I have lived here since i was bore2.表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态，说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。 My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。She has arrived. 她到了。3.表示到目前为止，某个动作已经重复发生多次I have already read this book many times.I have been to USA three times.考点3--have /has been 和have /has gone区别have /has been“曾到过某地”,表示某人曾经去过某地并且已经回来了，也表明一种经历have (has) gone 表示“已经去某地”还没有回来Where has he been? 他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了）Sandy has never been to South Hill,she want to go with them.Where has he gone? 他上哪儿去了？（人不在）They have been to Canada. 他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大）They have gone to Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）.易错点4--since和for状语的区别及用在完成时中的