Trajectories in Learning Space培训教程文件.pptVIP

Trajectories in Learning Space CMIS Research Seminar, 27th April 2005 Jon Dron Learning trajectories Who makes the choices? Transactional control The level of control an individual/entity has over the direction of a learning trajectory From a great distance… An upward trajectory An interesting observation Often, to gain control we must relinquish control Scale Transactional control may be viewed at different scales The importance of scale Choice is always possible at every scale which word shall I use next? shall I fall asleep now? what shall we look at now? shall I attend this lecture? should I take this module? should I do this course? should I attend this university? should I become a doctor? Selecting the scale Small choices are usually less significant Choice typically diminishes with scale We are only interested in choices that alter a learning trajectory Choice ≠ Control Too little choice reduces control Too much choice reduces control different levels of control needed by different learners at different times Good teaching: providing the learner with the optimum level of control Constraints Internal determined by what came before (e.g. knowledge imparted, dialogue, etc) External determined by (e.g.) subject matter, availability of resources, location, learner knowledge, personality of teacher, teacher knowledge etc etc Transactional control in a nutshell concerned with the points at which educational choices are made and who makes them governed by internal and external constraints need for control varies from learner to learner and context to context related to transactional distance… Transactional distance A measure of dialogue vs structure (reciprocally interdependent) Transactional control theory subsumes transactional distance theory - dialogue = negotiated control structure = teacher control other forms of control are common Examples Socratic dialogue A lecture A lively seminar A discussion forum Computer-aided learning etc Socratic dialogue Tell me